HIVAIDSResearchProgressandPreventionforMenWho.pptVIP

Research Progress on HIV Vaccine Until now, all the HIV vaccine trials are proven to be unsucsessful due to hyper-mutation and immune evasion of HIV failure of new HIV vaccine trial (HVTN505):a vaccine regimen consisting of a DNA vector encoding HIV-1 Gag, Pol, Nef and Env proteins followed by a recombinant adenovirus type 5 (rAd5) HAART is the name given to aggressive treatment regimens used to suppress HIV viral replication and the progression of HIV disease. The usual HAART regimen combines three or more different drugs such as two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and a protease inhibitor (PI), two NRTIs and a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) or other such combinations. Berlin Patient Timothy Brown, also known as “The?Berlin Patient,” is thought to be the only individual functionally cured of HIV. In 2008, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimated that at the end of 2006, approximately 1.1 million persons (prevalence rate 447.8 per 100 000 or 0.45%) were living with HIV in the United States. Of these, nearly half (48.1%) were MSM. 1. HIV prevalence varies extensively, with the highest prevalence figures observed for low socioeconomic status men, African Americans, injection drug users, and heavy non-injection substance users 2. HIV prevalence was higher among MSM in their 40s, those who were fully out, and more strictly homosexual men or men who self-identified as gay. HIV Epidemic among MSM in US (cont.) 3. New York City and Los Angeles contain the 2 largest MSM communities in the United States, Chicago contains a focal community for MSM in the northern Midwest, and San Francisco has the highest-density MSM neighborhoods of any US city. These 4 cities alone hold more than one third of all MSM AIDS cases in the United States. Furthermore, these cities also are common vacation destinations for many MSM and thus may provide geographic fo