望远镜和天文学_400年的回顾与展望_苏定强.pdfVIP

400 * : 400 1, 2, ­ 苏定强 ( 1 210093) ( 2 210042) 2009, 400. 400 , ; , 10; 400; , . , , , , , , , Telescopes and astronomy: A 400-year retrospect and future prospects SU Ding-Q iang1, 2, ­ ( 1 Dep artment of A stronomy, N anj ing University, N anj ing 210093, China) (2 TheNanj ing Institute of A stronom icalOp tics and Technology, NationalA stronom icalO servatories, Chinese A cademy of Sciences, Nanj ing 210042, Ch ina) Abstract Th y ar 2009 has b n d clar d th Int rnationalY ar ofA stronom y by th Unit d Nations, to m ark th 400th anniv rsary of th first obs rvation of c l stial bodi s bym ans of a t l scop , conduct d by Galil o Gali- l i. In this pap r th author id ntifi s fourm il ston s in th d v lopm nt of t l scop s and r l vant t chnolog i s dur- ing th past 400 y ars, th n discuss s ach m il ston and its subs qu nt d v lopm nts. Th pap r proc ds to d - scrib th t l scop s that hav b n compl t d in China as w ll as thos that ar b ing d v lop d. Th author sup- ports th d v lopm nt of thr n w t l scop proj cts in China in th n xt d cad . Th author off rs a summary of th achi v m nts in astronomy ov r th past 400 y ars in t rm s of th ir clos r lationsh ip to fundam ntal th ori s of astronomy and physics. For th futur , th author b li v s that darkm att r and dark n rgy, sp cially dark n rgy, should b th most mi portant fi ld of r s arch. Keywords astronomy, t l scop , Int rnationalY ar ofA stronom y, h istory of astronomy, Chin s astronom