药用植物学 第1章 Plant Cells.ppt

cluster crystal: asteroid or clusters crystal sand: irregular, polyhedrons columnar crystal : long is cylindrical, the length approximately is above diameter 4 times ② calcium carbonate crystal (cysyolith钟乳体): like a string of grape [locate in Moraceae(桑科) or Acanthaceae(爵床科)] * * First Chapter Plant Cellsone Form and Structure of Plant Cells ★Definition The structural and functional unit of a tissue , and consequently of the plant body itself , is known as a cell . Some species or kind of plants consist of single cell , but large type are make up of uncountable millions , or even billions , of these structural units. Chlamydomonas Nostoc commune Vauch 1.Shape and Size of Plant Cells It has various shapes and sizes. Cell , which distribute in differ part of frond and perform differ function , has differ form and size . plant cell , commonly 10～100μm(diameter) least cell , as if bacterial diameter only 0.2μm Big cell , like cell of storage parenchyma 1mm Fiber cell of flax(亚麻) 4cm long Fiber of ramee(苎麻) 55cm long 2.Basic Structure and Function of Plant cells Definition Microscopic structure: there can be seen the cell structure with microscope, called microscopic structure. Submicroscopic structure: there can be seen the cell structure with electron microscope , termed submicroscopic structure. 1.Cell wall 2.nuclear membrane 3.nucleochylema 4.nucleolus 5.plasmalemma 6.Cytoplasm 7.vacuole membrane 8.chloroplast 9.vacuole 1. nuclear membrane 2. nucleolus 3.chromosome 4. Cell wall 5. plasmalemma 6. vacuole membrane 7. vacuole 8. Chloroplast 9.Mitochondria 10.microtuble 11. Endoplasmic reticulum 12.Ribosome 13.14.microbody15.golgi body Microscopic structure submicroscopic structure constitute ★ 一、cell wall 二、protoplast 三、ergastic substance 一、 Cell Wall Layers intercellular layer