2013-2014学年高二上册英语同步课件：Unit4SectionⅣGrammarWriting新人教版选修7.ppt

Section Ⅳ;限制性定语从句;一、定语从句的相关概念 1．定语从句：在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代 词的从句叫定语从句。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词，叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词，叫关系词。关系词分为关 系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose, as等)和关系副词(when, where, why等)两类。关系词通常有三个作用： (1)连接定语从句；(2)指代先行词；(3)在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。;4．定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。 5．限制性定语从句用来修饰和限制先行词，与先行词之间的 关系非常密切，它所修饰的先行词代表一个(些)或一类特指的人或物，说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等状况，如果去掉，则意思含混不清。;二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1．定语从句中的引导词及其在从句中的作用;Those who wish to go to the museum must be at the gate by 7：50 am. 那些想去博物馆的人必须在早上7：50 前在大门口集合。 The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你正在找的医生在房间里。 Nobody wants the house whose windows are all broken. 没有人想要窗户全坏的房子。 Jinan is a city which has a history of more than 2,000 years. 济南是一个拥有2 000多年悠久历史的城市。 The flowers that she received are from her boyfriend. 她收到的花是她男朋友送的。;[考题印证1];1－2(2011·新课标全国卷)The prize will go to the writer ________story shows the most imagination. A．that B．which C．whose D．what 解析： 选　考查定语从句。 先行词the writer 与定语从句的主语story之间为所属关系， 因此用关系代词whose 引导定语从句。 ;2．关系代词that和which的用法区别;I have some books that are worth reading. 我有几本值得看的书。 This is the most interesting film that Ive ever seen. 这是我看过的最有趣的电影。 This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 这正是我想买的那本词典。;Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 哪一件T恤最适合我？ Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned? 你还记得我们学过的那位科学家和他的理论吗？ The reason for which he refused the invitation is not clear. 他拒绝邀请的原因不清楚。;[考题印证2];三、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 有时从句中的介词可以提前到关系代词之前，形成“介词＋关系代词”结构，关系代词可以用which, whose, whom，不可以用that。其选择依据如下： 1．根据定语从句中动词或形容词等的习惯搭配。 I bought a great many books on which I spent all my money that I saved. 我买了很多书，这些书花光了我所有的积蓄。;2．依据与先行词的搭配。 This is the camera with which he often takes photos. 这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。 3．根据所表达的意义。 This is the pilot by whom my son was saved. 这就是救了我儿子的那位飞行员。;[考题印证3];四、关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词when，why，where 在定语从句中分别作时间、原因、地点状语，且可根据其在句中的搭配关系，转换成“介词＋关系代词”的结构。 The day will come when (＝ on which) well win the final victory. 我们赢得最后胜利的日子将会到来。;We know the place where (＝ in which) our teac