A5配施对高淀粉玉米产量和品质的影响.docVIP

PAGE  PAGE 7 氮磷钾肥配施对高淀粉玉米产量和品质的影响 马瑞霞1，刘文成1,王振华2，张新2，张前进2 （1.安阳工学院农学系，河南安阳，455000；2.河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所，郑州 450002） 摘要：采用随机区组试验研究氮磷钾肥配施对高淀粉玉米郑单18产量和品质的影响。结果表明，施用N肥显著提高产量，N、P肥配施高于单施N肥，N、P、K肥配施高于N、P配施，一定范围内，N、P、K配施量越大，产量越高，但施肥量和产量不是等比例增加，符合报酬递减规律。不同处理的产量差异主要决定于穗粒数。施用N肥，淀粉、脂肪和蛋白质含量均提高。N、P肥配施较单施N肥前期淀粉含量高，后期含量低；脂肪和蛋白质含量在整个灌浆期间均低。N、P、K肥较N、P肥配施，脂肪含量高，淀粉和蛋白质含量低。低肥使淀粉、脂肪和蛋白质在灌浆前期含量高，后期含量低。高肥使淀粉含量高，蛋白质含量和脂肪含量前期高，后期低。从经济效益和施肥的供需平衡原则考虑，目前最佳施肥处理为N 225kg/hm2，P2O5 112.5kg/hm2。 关键词：玉米，肥料，产量，淀粉 中图分类号：S513；S318 文献标识码：A Effect of Different NPK Fertilizers Cooperating Application on Yield and Quality of high starch maize Ma Ruixia1,Liu Wencheng1,Wang Zhenhua2,Zhang xin2,Zhang Qianjin2 (1.Department of Agronomy,Anyang Institute of Technology,Anyang 455000; 2.Cereal Crop Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002) Abstract: Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and cooperation application on grain yield and qualities of high starch maize Zhengdan 18 was studied. Six different fertilization treatments based on the random-plot experiment. The results indicated that N fertilizer significantly increased yield, as compared with the non-fertilizer treatment, the yield with the combined application of N and P fertilizers was higher than that of maize with single N treatment, the yield with the combined application of N P and K fertilizers was superior to that of maize with the combined application of N and P fertilizers. The yield was increased with the increase of the fertilization amount of the combined application of N, P and K, but there was not the direct proportion between yield and fertilization amount in the growth period, obeying the reward descending rule. The number of grains of ear was important for seed yield. The experiments showed the contents of starch, lipid and protein were increased along with the increase of N fertilization amount. The content of starch was increased in the early stage and reduced in the late stage of postulation, At the same