16 Subjunctive Mood.ppt

Lecture 16;Teaching Contents;Mood , as a grammatical category, is a finite verb form that indicate whether an utterance expresses a fact, a command or request, or a non-fact and hypothesis. There are three types of mood: indicative mood, imperative mood and subjunctive mood. There are two forms of subjunctive mood: be – and were- subjunctive mood. ;16.1 BE - subjunctive The be-subjunctive, like the imperative, is realized by the base form of the verb. Whatever the person of the subject, the predicator invariably takes the base form. Consequently, where the clause has a plural subject, there is normally no distinction between indicative and subjunctive forms, except for the verb be. The subjunctive form of be is be for all persons.;1) In certain that-clauses The be-subjunctive is commonly used in that clause to denote a command, decision, suggestion, etc. A. After such verbs as decide, decree, demand, insist, move, order, prefer, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest, vote, etc. --- The judge insisted that the accused man appear in person. --- He ordered that the books be sent at once.;B. After such adjectives as advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper, etc. --- It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first. --- It is important that he be placed in the appropriate job. ;C. After such nouns as decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution, etc. --- Our decision is that the school remain closed. --- We were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished. Note: ?It is essential that he {have / has /should have } all the facts.;2) In certain adverbial clauses The be-subjunctive is also used in adverbial clauses introduced by if, though, whatever, so long as, whether, lest. This is limited to formal style. --- If that be the official view, it cannot be accepted. If any person be found guil