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inverse Temperature Dependence of Toughness in an Ultrafine Grain-Structure Steel.pdf

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inverse Temperature Dependence of Toughness in an Ultrafine Grain-Structure Steel

DOI: 10.1126/science.1156084 , 1057 (2008); 320Science et al.Yuuji Kimura, an Ultrafine Grain-Structure Steel Inverse Temperature Dependence of Toughness in (this information is current as of May 23, 2008 ): The following resources related to this article are available online at /cgi/content/full/320/5879/1057 version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the onlineUpdated information and services, /cgi/content/full/320/5879/1057/DC1 can be found at: Supporting Online Material found at: can berelated to this articleA list of selected additional articles on the Science Web sites /cgi/content/full/320/5879/1057#related-content /cgi/collection/mat_sci Materials Science : subject collectionsThis article appears in the following /about/permissions.dtl in whole or in part can be found at: this article permission to reproduce of this article or about obtaining reprintsInformation about obtaining registered trademark of AAAS. is aScience2008 by the American Association for the Advancement of Science; all rights reserved. The title CopyrightAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20005. (print ISSN 0036-8075; online ISSN 1095-9203) is published weekly, except the last week in December, by theScience o n M a y 2 3 , 2 0 0 8 w w w .s c ie n c e m a g .o r g D o w n lo a d e d f r o m the Bohr radius; rs of Na at 118 GPa is 2.47 for Z = 1), and this value approaches the densities at which H2 is expected to enter the liquid state [see (27–29) and references therein]. Our preliminary optical measurements show that the reflectivity and the first-order Raman activity of solid Na at 300 K do change above 118 GPa, which suggests a deviation from a metallic state and perhaps in- dicates a change of valency. However, we have not observed the predicted change of reflectivity versus temperature (23) in the liquid state at lower pressures. Recent experimental measurement