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Early development of properties in a cement paste - a numerical and experimental study.pdf

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Early development of properties in a cement paste - a numerical and experimental study

Early development of properties in a cement paste: A numerical and experimental study Antonio Princigalloa,*, Pietro Lurab, Klaas van Breugelb, Giovanni Levitaa aDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Industrial Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Pisa, Via Diotisalvi 2, Pisa 56126, Italy bStevin Laboratory, Concrete Structures Group, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5048, Delft 2600 GA, The Netherlands Received 22 August 2002; accepted 13 December 2002 Abstract This paper presents the results of an experimental and numerical study of the properties of a high-performance Portland cement paste (w/c ratio 0.37; 5% silica fume) cured at 20 C in sealed conditions for 5 days. Properties such as electrical conductivity, strength, stiffness, porosity, Vicat penetration, and autogenous deformation were measured and modelled. The kinetics of hydration was studied by means of isothermal calorimetry. The numerical simulations were performed with CEMHYD3D, developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and HYMOSTRUC, developed at the Delft University of Technology. The results of the simulations were compared with experimental data, and the match was good. Clear correlations were found among electrical conductivity, autogenous shrinkage, and connectivity of solids. D 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Portland cement; Modelling; Electrical properties; Mechanical properties; Shrinkage 1. Introduction In high-performance concretes, low water-to-cement ratios lead to a significant self-desiccation during hydration [1]. The presence of silica fume further increases this effect—the principal causes being the refinement of the pore structure and the pozzolanic reaction [2]. Although the real mechanism of autogenous shrinkage is not yet fully understood, experimental correlations were found between changes of the relative humidity in the pores and volume contraction [3]. Capillary phe