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Drying shrinkage, creep and cracking of concrete.pdf

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Drying shrinkage, creep and cracking of concrete

Au th or s co py Drying shrinkage, creep and cracking of concrete: From coupled material modelling to multifield structural analyses Stefan Grasberger Gu?nther Meschke Institute for Structural Mechanics, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany ABSTRACT: The paper describes a 3D coupled thermo-hygro-mechanical model that is formulated within the framework of thermomechanics of partially saturated porous media in the sense of the BIOT-COUSSY-theory. According to the coupled state equations arising from this theory, moisture transport and the constitutive pre- and postcracking properties are coupled by means of macroscopic coefficients. They are determined on the one hand by relating microscopic and macroscopic quantities and on the other hand by exploiting the symmetry relations that are connected to the existence of a macroscopic potential, yielding a model that is based on a minimum of material parameters. In addition to shrinkage-induced deformations also creep is considered in this extended version of the model. As a representative example, a numerical simulation concerning the long- term degradation of an inner tunnel lining is described in the paper. 1 INTRODUCTION In nano-porous cementitious materials such as con- crete, saturation-dependent internal stresses, acting on the nano- and micro-scale, develop as a conse- quence of molecular adsorption and capillary conden- sation. When subjected to drying, they may lead to severe cracking in concrete structures when the ma- terial strength is exhausted (Colina and Acker 2000; Sadouki and Wittmann 2001). While in engineering practice drying shrinkage is accounted for by means of shrinkage strains s depending on an empirically determined shrinkage coefficient (CEB-FIP 1990), re- cent progress in computational durability mechanics (see, e.g. (Ulm et al. 1999; deBorst et al. 2001)), to- gether with appropriate numerical methods open the perspective of a more fundamental approach to obtain not only a better insight into the de