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Discovery of deuterated water in a young proto-planetary disk.pdf

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Discovery of deuterated water in a young proto-planetary disk

a r X i v : a s t r o - p h / 0 5 0 8 2 5 6 v 1 1 1 A u g 2 0 0 5 Discovery of deuterated water in a young proto-planetary disk C. Ceccarelli1, C. Dominik2, E. Caux3, B. Lefloch1, P. Caselli4 Received February 5, 2008 /Accepted February 5, 2008 ABSTRACT We report the first detection of the ground transition of the deuterated water at 464 GHz in the young proto-planetary disk surrounding the solar type pro- tostar DM Tau. The line is observed in absorption against the continuum from the cold dust in the disk midplane, with a line to continuum ratio close to unity. The observation implies that deuterated gaseous water is present, with a rela- tively large abundance (～ 3×10?9), in the outer disk above the midplane, where the density is, within a factor ten, ～ 106 cm?3 and the temperature is lower than about 25 K. In these conditions, the H2O condensation timescale is much smaller than the DM Tau disk age, and, therefore, water should be fully frozen onto the grain mantles. We suggest that UV photons and/or X-rays sublimate part of the mantles re-injecting the ices into the gas phase. Even though there is currently no measurement of H2O, we provide arguments that the HDO/H2O ratio should be about 0.01 or larger, which would be hundreds of times larger than the values measured in Solar System objects. This suggests the need of strong caution in comparing and linking the HDO/H2O in Solar System and star forming environments. Subject headings: Stars: formation – Stars: protoplanetary disks – Stars: Pre- main-sequence – ISM: molecules – 1Laboratoire d’Astrophysique, Observatoire de Grenoble - BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble cedex 09, France : Cecilia.Ceccarelli@obs.ujf-grenoble.fr, Bertrand.Lefloch@obs.ujf-grenoble.fr 2Astronomical Inst. “Anton Pannekoek”, Univ. of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 403, NL-1098SJ Amsterdam : dominik@science.uva.nl 3CESR CNRS-UPS, BP 4346, 31028 - Toulouse cedex 04, France : caux@cesr.fr 4INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, I-50125 F