A Cognitive Analysis of English Spatial Preposition “Above”.doc

PAGE 21 题目：英语空间介词Above的认知分析 A Cognitive Analysis of English Spatial Preposition “Above” 摘　要 【摘要】本文将以意向图示的界标(trajectory)和射体(landmark)关系和概念隐喻中的方位性隐喻为指导，通过分类研究法，对介词above进行意向图式分析及隐喻投射研究。本研究侧重于通过例子、图表并结合理论从认知语义角度解读介词above.介词above有10多种义项，本文首先将之分成本义和引申义两大类。意向图式中的上下理论和界标射体关系可以用来分析介词above的空间方位意义。当above意为“在……上方”时，上下理论和界标射体的关系能解释这一中心语义网的形成。根据TR与LM的不同位置关系，本文中主要将above的本义分成四类，TR与LM接触，不移动；TR与LM接触，移动；TR与LM不接触，不移动；TR与LM不接触，移动。再次，文章通过概念隐喻理论分析above的引申义，主要分析above作为“地位”，“能力”和“声音”这三种引申义解释时，这种表示能力级别等关系的意义是如何通过空间意义上的上下关系所映射出来的。本研究旨在从认知语义角度对介词above进行全面的解读，帮助读者更好的理解介词above。 【关键词】空间介词above；意向图式；概念隐喻。 A Cognitive Analysis of English Spatial Preposition “Above” Abstract 【ABSTRACT】The thesis will analyze the meaning of the word “above” through classification by employing “trajectory” (TR) and “landmark” (LM) in the image schema and the conceptual metaphor theory. The present study focuses on the analysis of the word “above” in accordance with examples, figures and theory from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. First, by examining the word “above”, which has more than 10 meanings, I classify these meanings into two parts: the original meaning and the extended meaning. As far as the spatial feature of its original meaning is concerned, I choose the relationship of TR and LM and UP-DOWN schema to further analyze it. When the word “above” means “at the top of…”, the TR and LM theory and the UP-DOWN schema theory can well explain this forming of the semantic meaning. The original meaning of the word “above” can be divided into four parts according to the TR and LM relationship: TR and LM touched and unfixed, TR and LM touched and fixed, TR and LM untouched and unfixed, TR and LM untouched and fixed. Again, this study analyzes the extended meaning of the word “above” with conceptual metaphor. The key is to analyze how the meaning of superior-subordinate relationship is mapping from the spatial up-down relationship to its conceptualized meaning when the word “above” is understoo