ICNIRP Statement - Protection of Workers against Ultraviolet Radiation.pdfVIP

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ICNIRP Statement - Protection of Workers against Ultraviolet Radiation.pdf

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ICNIRP Statement - Protection of Workers against Ultraviolet Radiation

ICNIRP Statement ICNIRP STATEMENT—PROTECTION OF WORKERS AGAINST ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection* INTRODUCTION OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can originate from the sun and from artificial sources such as specialized lamps and open arcs processes, e.g., welding (Tenkate and Collins 1997; Hietanen and von Nandelstadh 1998). Although indoor workers are nor- mally protected by clothing and eyewear, the same level of protection is not generally achieved for outdoor workers. Most often, over-exposures of indoor workers arise from accidental failures of safety measures or protective equipment. Outdoor workers receive signifi- cant exposure to solar UVR and are thereby at increased risk of suffering the adverse consequences associated with excessive UVR exposure of the eyes and skin. The magnitude of the risk for the skin depends greatly upon climatological factors and personal sensitivity to UVR, the latter incorporating both the skin “phototype” and degree of acclimatization, or adaptation, to UVR. However, this great range of individual susceptibility does not exist for the eye, and people of all racial types are susceptible to cataract and other UVR-related eye diseases. Exposure guidelines for UVR have been adopted by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) based upon earlier recommenda- tions of the International Radiation Protection Associa- tion and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). These guidelines are readily applied to indoor exposures to artificial sources, such as welding arcs and specialized lamps. Although these guidelines for protection (ICNIRP 2004) apply to exposure to solar UVR and to artificial sources of UVR, the challenge of meeting the guideline is far greater for outdoor workers because of the lack of control over the source. The European Union has published a document on protection of the worker against h