镇江出土的唐、元青花瓷器.pdfVIP

B一24 Abstract 镇江出土的唐、元青花瓷器 The Blue-and-White Porcelain of Tang＆ Yuan Unearthed in Zhenjiang 刘丽文 肖梦龙 (镇江博物馆，江苏镇江，212002，中国) Liu Liwen，Xiao Menglong (Zhenjiang Museum，Jiangsu，Zhenjiang，212002，China) The white—and—blue porcelain was originated in Tang and Song dynasties，and became mature in making and firing in Jingdezhen kiln in Yuan dynasty．In the history of archaeology，it is fortunate that some rare and precious blue··and--white porcelain wares of Tang and Song periods were unearthed from Zhenjiang area．One of them iS a blue．and．white porcelain bowl excavated from the cultural layer of Tang dynasty in the archeological site in the urban area，and ten of them are blue- and—white porcelain jars，vases and goblets w．ith dragon patterns discovered in the three hoards of Jintan，Jurong and Dantu．The blue—and—white porcelain of Tang dynasty must have developed on the basis of Tang Sancai． In the hoards of Zhenjiang area，big wares such as blue-and-white porcelain jarS and vases turn out to be bright blue，the cobalt pigment of which was imported from abroad．small wares like blue—and．white porcelain goblets were decorated with the home—made cobalt pigment，which appeared as grayish blue．The formation technology of all the wares was sticking．The emblazonry featured dense pattern，multi—layer painting ornamentation，compaction and harmoniousness．There are chronograms on the silver wares from the board in Jintan where a blue．and．white porcelain jar with cloud and dragon patterns was unearthed．The jar is of great value to the study of the blue—and white porcelain of Yuan period with the assured dating． 0 引言 瓷器是中国人民的伟大发明创造之一，是中华民族对世界人类文明的杰出贡献。青花瓷是 我国陶瓷发展史上继青瓷、黑瓷、白瓷、青白瓷之后，盛开的一朵奇葩，结束了元以前以单色釉为 主的局面。元青花瓷器出现许多新的器型，如直径达40 cm的大盘，高度超过40 cm的大瓶、大 罐，以及形形色色的高足杯等，装饰上更是展现一派崭新工艺。从迄今出土的考古资料来看，青 花瓷器创始于唐宋时代，至元代景德镇窑烧制成熟，元青花瓷器的突出特点，造型古朴端庄，地 釉青白坚实。花纹遒劲有力，给人一种壮美之感。这一优秀瓷种在当时除供国内社会上层使用 外，大量产品作为外销瓷出口。 历年来．在镇江地区的考古工作中，有幸出土了几件稀少罕见而贵重奇珍的唐代和元代青花 瓷器。这里简要作些介绍与研究，提供2009年古陶瓷科学技术国际讨论会交流，请方家指正。 1 出土的青花瓷器 1唐代青花碗残片1件1995