实验二TCPIP介绍.pptVIP

实验二、TCP/IP介绍 实验目的 通过本章的学习： 了解TCP/IP协议 掌握IP地址分类，子网掩码的作用，识别网络标识号、主机标识号，子网的数目 TCP/IP介绍 TCP/IP协议起源于美国国防部高级项目研究机构DARPA在60年代开发的ARPAnet。 目前广泛应用于因特网和公司内部的私有网络 TCP/IP 协议族 IP编址 TCP/IP地址介绍 IP 地 址 IP 地 址 IP 地 址 IP 地址分类 Class A: Class B: Class C: Class D: 组播地址 Class E: 科研用 IP 地址分类 保留IP地址 计算可用的主机地址 IP地址分类练习 IP地址分类练习（答案） 子网划分 不设子网的地址 网络 172.16.0.0 设置子网的地址 网络 172.16.0.0 子网掩码 缺省情况下的子网掩码 A类：8位网络号，24位主机号 默认子网掩码为：255.0.0.0 B类：16位网络号，16位主机号 默认子网掩码为：255.255.0.0 C类：24位网络号，8位主机号 默认子网掩码为：255.255.255.0 子网掩码划分子网 利用子网掩码划分子网 利用子网掩码划分子网 扩展了8位地址的网络 利用子网掩码划分子网 扩展了10位地址的网络 子网地址的获得 子网掩码练习 子网掩码练习（答案） Purpose: This figure shows the protocol layers and compares them with the layers of the OSI reference model. Emphasize: This figure shows the TCP/IP conceptual layer titles. The protocol stack is used several times in this chapter, and the lower two layers may be sometimes called the network interface layer. The terms “packet” and “datagram” are nearly interchangeable. However, a datagram is a unit of data, while a packet is a physical entity that appears on a network. In most cases, a packet contains a datagram. In some protocols, though, a datagram is divided into a number of packets to accommodate a requirement for smaller transmittable pieces. Note: Creation and documentation of the Internet protocols closely resembles an academic research project. The protocols are specified in documents called RFCs. RFCs are published, reviewed, and analyzed by the Internet community. Purpose: This is an introduction slide to the IP addressing section. Emphasize: Stations with internetwork access must have unique addresses. Layer 3 of 3: In layer 3, an example of dotted-decimal format and binary are displayed. Emphasize: IP address format is dotted-decimal. Dotted-decimal makes it easy to work with IP addresses. However, in this course we will work with the addresses on the bit level, so we will convert these addresses into binary, make changes