Experimental and theoretical investigation of contact-angle variation for water–ethanol mixture droplets on a low-surface-energy solid.pdfVIP

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Experimental and theoretical investigation of contact-angle variation for water–ethanol mixture droplets on a low-surface-energy solid.pdf

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Experimental and theoretical investigation of contact-angle variation for water–ethanol mixture droplets on a low-surface-energy solid.pdf

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 96 (2016) 614–626 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer journal homepage: /locate/ijhmt Experimental and theoretical investigation of contact-angle variation for water–ethanol mixture droplets on a low-surface-energy solid Yukihiro Yonemoto a,?, Tomoaki Kunugi b a Priority Organization for Innovation and Excellence, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1, Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan b Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, C3-d2S06, Kyoto Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan article info Article history: Received 21 November 2014 Received in revised form 14 January 2016 Accepted 21 January 2016 Available online 11 February 2016 Keywords: Contact angle hysteresis Size dependence of contact angle Natural evaporation Water–ethanol mixture Wetting phenomena abstract Consider a situation where a droplet is deposited on a solid surface. If the droplet volume decreases, the droplet exhibits complex behavior, such as hysteresis and size dependence of its contact angle. In this study, we perform experimental and theoretical studies of the wettability of water–ethanol droplets on a low-surface-energy solid. In the experiment, the droplet behavior is examined with decreasing volume as a result of microsyringe extraction or natural evaporation. In particular, we analytically model the adsorption of liquid molecules at the solid–liquid interface and the change in the surface energy density of the liquid during the volume-change process. These models are validated with experimental data. From the experimental results, the droplet behavior resulting from microsyringe extraction and natural evaporation differ considerably with increasing ethanol concentration. Our results suggest that the complex behavior of the droplets during the volume change is related to liquid molecules adsorbed at the solid–liquid interface and the change in the