Expanded polystyrene waste application for improving biodiesel environmental performance parameters from life cycle assessment point of view.pdfVIP

Expanded polystyrene waste application for improving biodiesel environmental performance parameters from life cycle assessment point of view.pdf

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Expanded polystyrene waste application for improving biodiesel environmental performance parameters from life cycle assessment point of view.pdf

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 74 (2017) 278–298 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews journal homepage: /locate/rser Expanded polystyrene waste application for improving biodiesel environmental performance parameters from life cycle assessment point of view Mohammad Ali Rajaeifara, Reza Abdia, Meisam Tabatabaeib,c,? a Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran b Microbial Biotechnology Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box: 31535-1897, Karaj, Iran c Biofuel Research Team (BRTeam), Karaj, Iran MARK ARTICLE INFO Keywords: Biodiesel production Fuel additives Environmental life cycle assessment Waste expanded polystyrene Recycling Waste cooking oil ABSTRACT The present study was primarily aimed at reviewing recent studies on biodiesel production as well as the application of various biodiesel additives including their life cycle assessment studies. More speci?cally, major factors a?ecting engine performance and emission characteristics of diesel engines fueled with biodiesel were highlighted and discussed. Accordingly, when using biodiesel, variations in fuel properties (e.g., feedstock, blend percentage, density, cetane number, viscosity, transesteri?cation route, etc.), engine characteristics, as well as the operating conditions (e.g., load percentage, driving cycles, etc.) could signi?cantly change engine performance and emission properties. Moreover, the application of di?erent additives used for improving the combustion process including antioxidant additives, oxygenated additives, cold ?ow improver additives, metallic- and non-metallic based additives, water, and polymeric-based additives, was investigated. In the subsequent section, life cycle assessment (LCA) studies conducted on biodiesel and biodiesel additives were explored. Finally, sin

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