Evaluating wildlife-cattle contact rates to improve the understanding of dynamics of bovine tuberculosis transmission in Michigan, USA.pdfVIP

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Evaluating wildlife-cattle contact rates to improve the understanding of dynamics of bovine tuberculosis transmission in Michigan, USA.pdf

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Evaluating wildlife-cattle contact rates to improve the understanding of dynamics of bovine tuberculosis transmission in Michigan, USA.pdf

Preventive Veterinary Medicine 135 (2016) 28–36 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Preventive Veterinary Medicine journal homepage: /locate/prevetmed Evaluating wildlife-cattle contact rates to improve the understanding of dynamics of bovine tuberculosis transmission in Michigan, USA Michael J. Lavelle a,?, Shannon L. Kay a, Kim M. Pepin a, Daniel A. Grear b, Henry Campa III c, Kurt C. VerCauteren a a United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80521-2154, USA b United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health, 2150 Centre Avenue Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA c Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA article info Article history: Received 31 August 2016 Received in revised form 3 October 2016 Accepted 13 October 2016 Keywords: Bovine tuberculosis Cattle Contact rate Raccoon Virginia opossum White-tailed deer abstract Direct and indirect contacts among individuals drive transmission of infectious disease. When multiple interacting species are susceptible to the same pathogen, risk assessment must include all potential host species. Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is an example of a disease that can be transmitted among several wildlife species and to cattle, although the potential role of several wildlife species in spillback to cattle remains unclear. To better understand the complex network of contacts and factors driving disease transmission, we ?tted proximity logger collars to beef and dairy cattle (n = 37), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus; n = 29), raccoon (Procyon lotor; n = 53), and Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana; n = 79) for 16 months in Michigan’s Lower Peninsula, USA. We determined inter- and intra-species direct and indirect contact rates. Data on indirect co