商务英语翻译课后习题解答.docVIP

第三章It is not difficult to insure high-speed growth of the national economic through expanding investment on a large scale, but it is difficult to realize effective economic growth and raise the enterprises capital profit rate and productivity. It is better to change investment structure and orient the investment to infrastructure industries of the national economy such agriculture, energy, and communications than to blindly channel capital into real estate and securities; however, investment in the infrastructure industry will not (ate least in the short term) bring high economic benefits. It is imperative to orient the investment to enterprises with better economic benefits, but in China, enterprises with better economic benefits, State-owned enterprises in particular, have been concentrated on the highly monopolized industries such as tobacco, petrochemicals and telecommunications, and the high-speed development of theses enterprises will play a limited role in promoting the whole of society.要通过大规模地扩大投资来保证国民经济的高速增长并不难，难就难在要实现经济的有效增长以及提高企业的资本利润率和生产力。最好是改变投资结构，将投资转向国民经济中诸如农业、能源、通信等基础结构（至少在短期内）带来较高的经济利益，因此，有必要将投资转向具有较好经济效益的企业中。但是在中国，具有较好经济效益的企业，尤其是国有企业，一直只集中于如烟草、石化、通讯等高度垄断的行业，面对这些企业的高速发展在促进整个国家经济的发展方面只起着非常有限的作用。 第四章Tariffs may be used simply to obtain revenue. In some developing countries, revenue tariffs provide an important part of the governments income.征收关税可能只是为了获得收入.有些发展中国家,财政关税在其政府收入中是很重要的一部分.Often, however, tariffs are protective, and are designed to carry out a particular economic policy. They may help to reduce a balance of payments deficit or to protect an infant industry against strong international competition from older corporations.然而,关税又经常具有保护性质,用来贯彻一项特定的经济政策.这类关税有助于减少国际收支逆差,或保护新生工业在国际竞争中顶住来自老资格公司的强大挑战.A revenue tariff will always provide some protection, and a protective tariff will produce some revenue. Therefore, it is difficult to distinguish between revenue and protective tariffs form economic evidence alone.财政关税总能提供某种保护,一项保护关税会产生一定的收入.因此,