莱州湾渔业资源群落结构和生物多样性的变化_金显仕概述.pdf

　 8 , 1 , 2000 2 CHIN ESE BIO DIV ERSI T Y 　8(1):65～ 72, February , 2000 金显仕 　邓景耀 ( , 　 　266071) 　 　 1959～ 1999 4 , 。 , 1998 3.3 %、7.3 % 11.0 %; , 1959 、1982 1992 ～ 1993 , 、、 80 、 ; , 1959 ～ 1982 , 。 ,, 。 , ,, ,。 　, ,, , Variations in community structure of fishery resources and biodiversity in the Laizhou Bay, Shandong/ JIN Xian_Shi , DENG Jing_Yao Abstract 　Based on seasonal bottom trawl surveys from 1959 to 1999, the variations in fishery resources, dominant species compositio n and community structure w ere analyzed.T he results indica te that the biomass has continuously declined from 1959.T he current biomass account for only 3 .3 %, 7 .3 % and 11 .0 % of that in 1959 , 1982 and 1992～ 1993 , respectively .A lthough dominant species v ary in different seasons, the traditional large_sized demersal species , such as largehead hair tail (Trichiurus haumela)and small yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena polyactis), have been replaced by small pelagic species, such as anchovy (Engraulis japonicus), half_financhovy (Setipinna taty ), gizzard_shad (Clupanodon punctatus), and rednose anchovy (Thrissa kammalensis).T he community structure has also changed , while species diversity increased from 1959 to 1982 and then decreased co ntinuously . T he disturbance , par ticularly fishing , may increase the diversity at intermediate intensity , but too hig h fishing intensity may lead to div ersity decrease .A t present , the community structure is simple at un_equilibrium state in the Laizhou Bay , the community succession will continue , and the biomass of small pelag ic species with hig h resilience may recover and increase if the disturbance is sig nificantly reduced. Key munity structure , biodiv ersity , succession, fishery resources, Laizhou Bay Author s address　Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute , Chinese Academy of F ishery Sciences , Qingdao 26 60 71 , 1998)。 。 , , , , , 。 ,、 ( 1998 ～ 1999 , , 1988b ; , ( :1999 -04 -14 ; :1999 -08 -05 66