英语写作lecture2diction-ESTEnglish课件.pptVIP

Lecture 2Linguistic feature –diction(1) Goals: to get to know the types of EST/technical words to be clear about the formation of EST words to better comprehend the features of EST words EST clearness, conciseness, exactness 1. Types of EST words Functional words (功能词) Semi-technical words (次技术词) Technical words (技术词汇) I. Functional words They do not have notions of their own – empty words. As their chief function is to express the relation between notions, the relation between words as well as between sentences, they are known as form words. Prep., conj., auxiliaries and articles belong to this category. In general/literary English and technical English, they are same in their meanings. Eg: Without air a living thing will die. We must test the device under operation condition. When do you come home? (we , must , the , under , without , will) II. Semi-technical words They are also the most commonly used words in Plain English and English for Special Purpose. Most of them are originated from Latin and Greek. Eg: mechanical (机械的) ,zenith (天顶) ,science (科学) ,technology (技术) ,project(工程). But some others are borrowed from common English, and have different meanings from those in LE. Eg: Die 死 模具 Trip 旅行 母线 Monitor 班长 监视器 Power 力量 功率 Support 支持 支架 Post 邮递 支柱 Revolution革命 转 Union 联合 活结头 Flash 闪耀, Macromedia 公司开发的动画编辑工具 However, some technology vocabulary is gradually evolved from an ordinary English vocabulary. Such technology is part of English vocabulary and often maintains close relations with the ordinary English vocabulary. Such a close relation is manifested mainly in three aspects: being similar to the external shape of objects, similar to functions, and similar to the relationship between objects and objects. 1. Similarity to the external shape of objects (物体外部形状相似) Eg: Wing 翅膀 机翼 Leg 腿 支