考研英语写作3-cj考研英写作3-cj考研英语写作3-cj考研英语写作3-cj.pptVIP

Faulty: The essay is poorly organized, there is no central idea. Improved: The essay is poorly organized: there is no central idea.The essay is poorly organized; there is no central idea. Faulty: There were people who would be glad to see him leave the place, he knew it. Improved: There were people who would be glad to see him leave the place, and he knew it. There were people who would be glad to see him leave the place - and he knew it. Faulty: The principal of the school may do something to reduce the pupils homework load, he may, for example, stop assigning homework for Saturday and Sunday. Improved: The principal of the school may do something to reduce the pupils homework load - he may, for example, stop assigning homework for Saturday and Sunday. 5) Synecdoche提喻 When a part is substituted for the whole or the whole is substituted for a part, synecdoche is applied: The farms were short of hands during the harvest season. He had to earn his daily bread by doing odd jobs. Metonymy and synecdoche are similar as both involve substitution. Sometimes they can hardly be distinguished from metaphor, which in a way is also substitution. 6) Euphemism It is the substitution of a mild or vague expression for a harsh or unpleasant one, for example: Ugly: homely/plain Fat: heavyset/ chubby/ plump/ stout Skinny: slender/ slim/willowy/ svelte To die: to pass away/ leave us/ one’s heart has stopped beating Old people: senior citizens/elderly/ advanced in age Mad: emotionally disturbed Dustman: sanitation worker 7) Irony 反话 It is the use of words, which are clearly opposite to what is meant, in order to achieve a special effect. Suppose you planned an outing on a certain day, expecting it to be fine; but when the day came it was raining heavily. If you said “What a fine day!” you were speaking ironically. This diligent student seldom reads more than an hour per month. 8) Overstatement and understatement In overstatement the diction exaggerates the su