小型电动车的驱动电路设计.docVIP

小型电动车的驱动电路设计 摘 要:永磁无刷直流电动机是近些年来发展起来的一种新型电机，其利用电子换相技术代替直流电动机电刷换向的机电一体化产品。它既具有一般直流电动机的运行效率高、起动转矩大、调速范围广和机械特性为线性等优点，又具有交流电动机的结构简单、运行可靠、维护方便等优点。 论文首先查阅了国内外的永磁无刷直流电动机的研究动态，简单介绍了无刷直流电动机的工作原理，分析并确定了主回路的导通方式，控制器一是以专用芯片或单片机来进行设计，位置反馈元件有霍尔传感器反馈接口和编码器接口，开关器件采用MOSFET管开关或IGBT大功率开关控制，根据需求可设计有转速反馈闭环控制、正反转、过电流保护等。 关键词：无刷直流电动机、PWM输出端 Abstract:Permanent magnet brushless DC motor is developed in recent years a new type of motor, with its use of electronic technology for brush DC motor instead of the mechanical-electrical integration for the product.It has the general operation of DC motor high efficiency, large starting torque, speed and mechanical properties of a wide range of advantages for the linear and the AC motor with simple structure, reliable operation and convenient maintenance. First of all, access to domestic and foreign papers of permanent magnet brushless DC motor dynamics, a brief introduction of the brushless DC motor of the working principle and to identify the main circuit of the turn-on the way to a dedicated controller chip, or one single-chip to carry out the design, position feedback devices have a Hall sensor interface and encoder feedback interface, the use of MOSFET control switch device switches or IGBT high-power switch control, can be designed in accordance with the demand for closed-loop speed feedback control, positive, over-current protection. Keywords: Brushless DC Motor PWM output Controller 目 录 文摘………………………………………………………………3 1 绪论………………………………………………………………5 1.1 本课题的目的和意义.........................................5 1.1.1无刷直流电动机的发展电动机作为能量转换装置，应用于国民经济的各个领域……………………………………………………………………………5 1.1.2无刷直流电动机的应用…………………………………………………6 1.2.1无剧直流电动机研究现状………………………………………………7 1.2.2本文研究的主要内容……………………………………………………7 2 无刷直流电动机的结构、工作原理…………………………………………9 2.1无刷直流电动机的基本组成部分…………………………………………9 2.1.1无刷直流电动机构………………………………………………………9 2.1.2电动机本体………………………………………………………………10 2.1.3转子位传感器……………………………………………………………10 2.1.4控制芯片…………………………………………………………………10 2.1.5逆变器件…………………………………………………………………12 2.2无刷直流电