高考英语单项选择题的解题方法.docVIP

高考英语单项选择题的解题方法 单项填空题所考察的语言知识点多，覆盖面广，且突出语境化因素，旨在考查考生记忆、理解、掌握中学阶段所学基础语法、基本词汇以及习语的熟练程度和灵活运用语言的能力。考生除了必须具备扎实的基础外，还要有科学的解题方法。 1.句子结构还原法 英语中的许多句子会以各种结构出现，如倒装句，强调句等。试题还常以变化句型的方式来增加语境和句子结构的复杂性。因此考生平时就留意它们的特征，透过复杂的语言环境，结合语法分析看透题目的意图。正确的方法有： 1）将疑问句、感叹句还原为陈述句 (1) What great difficulty we had___ her!　A. persuadeB. to persuade C. persuading D. persuaded 分析：C。易选D。此句考查感叹句式。可先将此句还原为陈述句式：We had great difficulty______ her.由have difficulty(in) doing sth.知C项符合条件。 (2) Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?(2002上海春招) A. he explained B. what he explainedC. how he explained D. why he explained 分析：A。易选D，考生依据常见搭配the reason why ；处理此题首先应该将句子还原为正常语序，即：this is the reason_____ at the meeting ...。he explained前省略了一个that，that引导的是一个定语从句。 (3) Who would you rather have________the report instead of you? A. to write B. writeC. writing D. written 2）将倒装句、强调句还原为正常语序 (3) Mary thought that it was______ that Jane did her to lend her the beautiful car. 　A. possibleB. kindC. necessaryD. a favor 分析：D。句中的宾语从句是一个强调句式。将其转换为非强调句式: Mary thought that Jane did her______ to lend her the beautiful car. do sb a favor是习惯搭配,意为“帮某人一个忙”,由此可以确定D为正确答案? (4)______ you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. （2008江苏卷） A. only if; will you B. Only if; you will C. Unless; will youD. Unless; you will 分析：A。本题考查倒装句式。先将其转换为正常语序：You will be able to keep fit and stay healthy only if you eat the correct foods.由于是对主句进行倒装，所以选A。 3）将省略句还原为完整句 省略句可用于简单句及复合句，它的使用虽然能使句子更加简洁，但有时使人理解困难。在近年来的高考题中已多次出现省略句的考点。条件状语从句、时间状语从句等常用省略形式。解题时应根据语境逻辑需要将被省略的内容补齐，从而达到正确理解的目的。 (1)—Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?—Yes, since she ______ the Chinese Society. A. has joined B. joinsC. had joined D. joined 分析：D。该题考查since时间状语从句中的动词时态。将第二句补充完整为：Yes, I have known since she _____ the Chinese Society.主句为现在完成时，since的从句常用一般过去时。 (2) One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and __________.(2000春季招生) A. the other is white B. another white C. the other white D. another is white 分析：C。易选A或D两项