Professional English for Chemical Engineering(化工专业英语)-7专用课件.ppt

Sichuan University Professional English  --for Chemical Engineering Chapter 3 Translation of Scientific English into Chinese 被动句的翻译 被动语态被广泛使用于专业英语中。准确的翻译被动句对于正确理解专业英语十分必要 被动语态译为主动句 原文主语在译文中仍做主语 Every moment of every day, energy is being transformed from one from into another.每时每刻，能量都在由一种形式转变为另一种形式。 由By短语中的动作发出者作为主语 Heat and light are given off by the chemical reaction. 这种化学反应能发出光和热 被动语态译为主动句 原文中的状语做主语 The newly-found synthetic material is widely used home and abroad. 国内外广泛使用这种新型合成材料 译成无主语的主动句 Quality and safety must be guaranteed first 首先要保证质量和安全 被动语态译为主动句 如下句型也常译成无主语主动句 It is found that…… 据发现 It is said that…… 据说 It is reported that…… 据报道 It must be admitted that…… 必须承认 It must be pointed out that…… 必须指出 It was estimated that…… 据估计 被动语态译为主动句 加上不确定主语的主动句 Salt is known to have a very strong corroding effect on metals. 大家知道，盐对金属有很强的腐蚀作用 若原文属于以下句型，也常译成不定主语的主动句。 It is well known that…… 众所周知 It is believed that…… 大家相信 It is taken that …… 人们认为 It is noted that …… 人们注意到 It is sometimes asked that…… 人们有时会问 译成汉语被动句 若英语是为了强调被动动作，翻译为汉语时就不必译成主动句，仍然使用被动句表达即可。 中文动词无词性变化，通常是通过添加组词来表达被动。常见的是在谓语前加上助词“被”。此外还有“受到”，“得到”，“叫”，“让”，“给”，“加以”，“为……所”等句式。 This kind of steel is not corroded by air and water 这种钢不会被空气和水腐蚀 This new project was eprofessionally supported by those who wished to decrease the pollution. 这个新项目尤其受到那些希望减少污染的人的支持。 The furnace is lighted by an electric spark. 这炉子由电火花点燃 The reaction was slowed up by adding retardant 反应为添加的阻滞剂所减缓。 译成汉语判断句 如果英语中所要表示的不是受事者受到某个行动这样一个事实本身，而是与这个行动有关的一些具体情况，如时间、地点、方式、方法等。即句子强调行为的静态而不是动态的含义，这个时候可以把句子翻译成“是……的”或“……的是……”的句型 Large quantities of oil are refined locally at Abadan, Iran, in Bahrain and elsewhere. 大量的石油是就地炼制的，就在伊朗的阿巴丹、巴林以及这个地区的其他地方进行。 Currently most solar cells are made from crystals of high-purity silicon. 目前，绝大多数太阳能电池是用高纯度的硅晶体制成的。 Produced by electrons are the X-rays, which allow to take aside the inner structure of crystal. 电子产生的是