Drugs that affect the Endocrine System Faculty Site 影响内分泌系统的药物教师网站.pptxVIP

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Drugs that affect the Endocrine System Faculty Site 影响内分泌系统的药物教师网站.pptx

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Drugs that affect the Endocrine System Pharmacology I 1 Objective 1: define the term hormone Objective 2: list the endocrine glands Objective 3: identify the hormones that are secreted by the anterior pituitary and describe their main functions in the body 2 Objective 4: identify the hormones that are released by the posterior pituitary and describe their main functions in the body 3 Objective 5: identify the two main thyroid hormones Objective 6: describe how the body synthesizes the thyroid hormones 4 Objective 7: identify the actions of drugs used to treat hyperthyroidism 5 Objective 8: list the anti-thyroid agents used to treat hyperthyroidism Drugs are: Iodine-131 (131I) Propylthiuracil (PTU, Propacil) Methimazole (Tapazole 6 Radioactive iodine Taken up by thyroid Destroys hyperactive thyroid tissue Essentially no other tissue is affected Takes 3-6 months for fully assess effect If more than one dose needed, three months between doses is needed 7 Dosing is oral Add to water No color No taste Be very careful not to spill (hazardous) Client can not be pregnant 8 Side effects Tenderness in thyroid gland Hyperthyroidism in 40%, second dose needed Hypothyroidism 9 Drug interactions Lithium carbonate 10 PTU and Tapazole Block synthesis of T3 and T4 Takes days to 3 weeks to see effect Can use long term Can use short term pre subtotal thyroidectomy 11 Side effects Purpuric, maculopapular rash Headaches, salivary and lymph node enlargement Bone marrow suppression Hepatotoxicity Nephrotoxicity 12 Objective 9: identify the hypothyroid conditions Hypothyroid condition in adults called myxedema Congenital hypothyroidism called cretinism 13 Objective 10: list the thyroid agents Levothyroxine replaces T3 and T4 14 Liothyronine synthetic T3 Onset of action more rapid than levothyroxine Liotrix synthetic mixture levothyroxine and liothyronine (4 to 1 ratio) Provides consistent levels of T3 and T4 15 Thyroid USP From beef, pork, or sheep thyroid glands Oldest form availa