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地理学 geography地理学[??????????] geographer地理学家[??????????] hemisphere半球[?????????] meridian子午线/经线[?????????] parallel平行圈[????????] latitude纬线[??????????] longitude经度[????????????] elevation 海拔[???????????] altitude高度/海拔[??????????] temperate latitudes温带地区 horizon地平线[????????] equator赤道[????????] tropic热带地区[???????] Arctic/the north pole北极[???????] Antarctic(Antarctica)南极（南极洲） the Antarctic continent南极洲[??????????] Antarctic circle南极圈 Aurora极光[????????] Tropic of Cancer北回归线[??????] Tropic of Capricorn南回归线[??????????] international date line国际日期变更线 time difference时差 expedition探险[????????????] time zone时区 topography地形/地形学[??????????] plain平原 plateau(highland)高地[???????] lowland低地 basin盆地 oasis绿洲[????????] peak山峰 cavern(cave) 洞穴[??????] terrain地域[???????] subterranean(underground)地底下[?????????????] coastland沿海地区[???????????] coastline海岸线[??????????] watershed分水岭[?????????] upper reaches上游 lower reaches下游 tributary支流[???????????] deposit沉积[????????] spring/fountain泉水[????????] iceberg冰山 riverbed河床[????????] gulf/bay海湾[???] waterfall瀑布[??????????] reef暗礁[????] tide潮水[????] tropical rain forest热带雨林 island岛屿[???????] continental island大陆岛[????????????] volcanic island火山岛[?????????] coral island珊瑚岛[??????] islet小岛[??????] peninsular半岛[???????????] archipelago群岛[?????????????] delta三角洲[??????] landlocked area内陆[?????????] continent大陆[??????????] inland waterway内陆河[???????] [?????????] subcontinent次大陆[??????????????] range山脉[??????] cliff山崖[????] valley山谷，峡谷[?????] hillside/mountain slope山坡[????????] [????????] [?????] continental shelf大陆架[????] canyon峡谷[???????] channel(strait)海峡[??????] [??????] remote-sensing遥感的 terrestrial地球的/陆地的[???????????] terrestrial heat(geothermal)地热[???????????????] terrestrial magnetism(geomagnetism)地磁[???????????] [??????????????????] continental drift theory大陆漂移学说 sea-floor spreading海床扩展 evaporation蒸发[?????????????] salinity含盐度[?????????] ocean bottom海床 sediment沉淀物/沉积物[?????????] tropical热带的 temperate温带的[?????????] frigid寒带的[????????] formation形成[?