公交站点分类分级研究.doc

二 ○ 一 四 届 毕 业 论 文 西安市公共交通站点分类分级研究 学 院：汽车学院 专 业：交通运输（汽车运用工程） 姓 名：段高鹏 学 号：2202100323 指导教师：马壮林 完成时间：2014年6月 二〇一四年六月 摘 要 近年来，快速城市化和机动化的叠加效应引发了越来越严重的城市交通问题，交通拥堵已严重影响城市的健康可持续发展，大力优先发展公共交通已成为缓解城市交通拥堵问题的根本途径和手段。我国由于人口众多，人口出行量大，城市交通压力巨大，因此将大力发展公交优先作为首要任务，而地面公交站场是城市公共交通系统的重要组成部分，对其进行合理的分类标准和相应的功能配置研究是十分必要的，这将对城市地面公交站场的合理规划建设具有重要的指导意义。 公交站点是公共汽车交通系统的重要组成部分，对公交站点的分类分级研究有助于公交站点的优化设计，提高公共交通的运输质量和效率，改善道路交通的运行方式和城市环境。 本文从城市道路等级、换乘枢纽、公交站点所在城市区位等三个影响因素对公交站点进行系统性分类，并利用模糊聚类法对同类站点进行分级，得出一个系统性的公交站点分类分级模型。 本文以西安市公交站点为例，选取73个站点进行分类分级，采用上述模型，把站点分为四类，并用模糊聚类法进行分级，得到西安市公交站点分类分级结果，对西安市公交站点的优化设计有指导性作用。 关键词：公交站点，模糊聚类法，分类分级  Abstract In recent years, rapid urbanization and motorization additive effect caused worsening urban traffic problems, traffic congestion has seriously affected the healthy and sustainable development of the city, vigorously priority to the development of public transport has become a fundamental way to ease urban traffic congestion problems and means. Because of Chinas large population, large population travel, urban traffic pressure is huge, and therefore will develop bus priority as the primary task, and ground bus station is an important part of urban public transport system, its reasonable classification criteria and the corresponding Allocation of the function is necessary and reasonable planning and construction of this city ground bus station will have an important guiding significance. Bus station is an important part of the bus transport system, bus stops grading classification study helps to optimize the design of the bus station, to improve the quality and efficiency of public transport traffic, improve road transport operation mode and the urban environment. From the urban road grade, hubs, city bus station location and other factors affecting the bus station three systematic classification, and use fuzzy clustering method to classify the same site, to arrive at a systematic classification and grading bus station model. In thi