短暂动词与延续性动词.docVIP

1.现在完成时的构成：have / has + 动词的过去分词 2.现在完成时的用法： （1）表示某一动作或状态开始于过去并持续到现在现在。（此种用法适用于延续性动词） I have been in Nanyang for around 5 years. 我在南阳大约有五年了。 （2）表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果（此种用法适用非延续性动词）。 I can’t go to see the movie now, because I have lost the ticket. 现在我看不成电影了，因为我把票弄丢了。 3.现在完成时的标志：just, already, yet, ever, never, recently 近来 = in recent weeks (months, years)在最近的几周（月，年）里,nowadays, for + 一段时间，before (用于句子末尾); so far = up to now = till now; since + 过去某一具体时间点，since + 过去的一段时间 + ago， since + 一般过去时从句，ever since then = ever since = since then = since (自从那时起);in / over /during + the + past(last) + 一段时间。 Eg. On January 11,1998, Dr. Kataria organized the first “World Laughter Day” celebration in Mumbai, India. It was a huge success. The date was later changed to the first Sunday in May and it has been celebrated every year since. 4.现在完成时中的特殊用法：短暂动词的各种时态（包括现在完成时 在内）不能和时间段连用，当它需要与时间段连用时需转换为延续性 动词。注意：短暂动词若用于否定句则可与一段时间相连用。 I haven’t seen him for a long time. 我好久不见他了。 5.常见短暂动词转换成延续性动词的形式如下： get lost --- be lost get / fall ill --- be ill get in touch with --- be/keep in touch with get to --- be in / at get into --- be in get into trouble --- be in trouble get out of --- be out of reach --- be in / at arrive at / in --- be at / in get up --- be up get married to sb.---be married to sb. marry sb. --- be married to sb. fall in love with sb. --- be in love with sb. fall asleep ---be asleep make friends --- be friends buy/get/receive --- have go / come to --- be in / at go out --- be out go there --- be there go abroad --- be abroad go to sleep --- sleep go to bed --- be in bed finish --- be over go to school --- be a student, be at school meet --- be together wake up --- be awake get to know --- know begin --- be on catch a cold --- have a cold borrow --- keep d