中外比较会计c13.ppt

Financial statement analysis interim report window dressing 粉饰 segment reporting 分部报告,责任单位报告 consolidated financial statement 合并财务报表 The financial analysis should consider 1.the financial statements 财务报表 2.notes to the financial statements 财务报表分析 3.management’s discussion and analysis (MDA) 管理层讨论与分析 4.the auditor’s report 审计报告 5.comparative financial data for a series of years Financial analysis techniques 1.percentage analysis 比例分析 1)horizontal analysis 水平分析 The study of percentage changes in an item over time; expresses financial data from two or more accounting periods in terms of a single designated base period. DaimlerChysler Increase (Decrease) 2007 2008 % Change Operating income $4.51b $5.72 +26.8% Net income $7.15b 5.28 -26.2% % Change = Dollar amount of change Base–year amount % Change of operating income = 5.72-4.51 = 26.8% 4.51 % Change of operating income= 5.28-7.15 = -26.15% 7.15 2)vertical analysis 纵向分析，垂直分析，静态分析 all of the data in a particular financial statement are presented as a percentage of a single designated line item of that financial statement, such as net sales, total assets ABC CompanyStatement of Earnings (Adapted)Years Ended December 31,2008 and 2007 2008 2007 (Dollar amounts in millions) Amount Percent Amount Percent Net sales……………………………………..$18,284 100.0% $16,701 100.0% Cost of products sold………………………… 4,856 26.6 4,464 26.7 Gross Profit……………………………………13,428 73.4 12,237 73.3 Operating expenses: Marketing, selling, and administrative.... …….4,41