初中英语常用词词义及用法辨析..docVIP

初中英语常用词词义及用法辨析 about, on  about与on都可以作关于讲，但却有所不同，例如： This book is about physics. 这是一本关于物理学的科普读物。 This book is on physics. 这是一本物理学方面的专著。 after, in 受中文的影响，这个介词常常被误用。当你要表达在一段时间内某个动作可以完成时，一定要用in，而不能用after，因为after是指在某一时间之后。例如： This work will be done in two days. 即表明在两天内这一工作一定会做完。而如用了after，即表示在两天之后，完成的时间是不确定的。 after, behind  after多用于表示顺序的前后，例如： She walked in the line after Tom. 或用来表示追赶，表示一种动态，如： He ran after Mary. 而behind多用于强调先进与落后，如： She is much behind the other girls in sewing. 或者用于表达迟于，如： The train was ten minutes behind the time table. 或者与表示静态的动词连用，如： She hid herself behind the flowers. against, for  against意为反对、不赞成；而for则意为同意，为其反意词。如： Are you for or against the plan? already, yet  already多用于肯定句中，例如： The students have already finished the work. 而yet则多用于疑问句与否定句中，如： Have you finished it yet? I havent finished it yet. also too  also与too都可用在肯定句中表示也，但also通常用于be动词或情态动词之后，如： I can also do it myself. 而too一般放于句尾。例如: Ill attend his class, too. another, other, the other, the others, others 要注意英语中another, other, the other, the others, others的不同用法，现分别说明如下： another作形容词其意为：泛指的另一个或再一个，别的，类似的。一般在句中作定语，如: This is not good enough, please show me another one. another 还可以作为代词用，如： One student said：I want to play baskball. another said：I want to play football. other作形容词其意为泛指其余的，别的。如： I have other books besides these. Ask some other people please. the other则为特指，作形容词时其后面可接单数或复数名词，如： She has two flowers. One is white, the other one is yellow. (特指，单数) There are fifty students in our class, twenty five are boys, the other students are girls. (特指，复数) 但当the other作为代词时，它代表的可以是单数，也可以是复数，如： He has a book in one hand, and a pen in the other. (单数) There are some people in the room. Four are girls, the other(复数)are boys. 要注意的是当the other作主语时，其后面的谓语动词要视具体情况而定，它可能是单数，也可能是复数。 others则只能作代词，其意为other ones即为：泛指某些，某一部分人或物，如： Each of us must think of others. the others只能作为代词，它是特指某一些人或物，如： I know only one or two of the students; the others are unknown to