《正式和非正式英语的一些表达形式.docVIP

正式和非正式英语的一些表达形式语言是交际的工具，为了达到更好的交际目的，人们 根据情景和交际的目的选择不同的文体。正式语言和非正式语言的运用是交际中重要的文体形式。在英语中正式英语用于比较严肃的场合，而非正式的英语用于比较随便的场合。下面是一些正式英语和非正式英语的形式。1. 状语1) 时间，原因和条件状语可以用非谓语动词的形式，也可以用状语从句的形式，一般的说，非谓语动词形式比状语从句形式正式。Being (As he was) a farmer, he had to get up early.Weather permitting (If weather permits), we shall go.2)方式和程度状语可用介词短语，也可以用副词表示，一般说，介词短语比副词正式。He spoke in a confident way/with confidence. (Confidently)3) 英语中用一些副词有两种形式，一种是-ly形式，一种是同形容词的形式相同，一般说，前者比后者正式。He read loudly (loud).I guessed rightly (right).4) 让步状语从句 `how (who, when, what) ever‘ 的形式比 no matter how (who, when, what) 的形式正式。Whoever (No matter who) he is, I wont‘ see him.2. 代词I. 关系代词1) 定语从句中作宾语的关系词`Whom‘ 比 `who‘正式。 Whom (Who) are you waiting for?He is the person whom (who) I met the other day.2) 在定语从句中作主语和宾语的关系词`Who‘ `whom‘ and `which‘比 `that‘ 正式。He is the person who (that) is well-known here.This is the book which (that) I bought yesterday.I know the person whom (that) you spoke to.3) 指时间和地点的从句 `Prep + which‘ 比 `when‘ and `where‘ 从句正式。 This is the place in which (where ) I worked.That is the day on which (when) I came.II. 人称代词1) 通常在比较级中主格比宾格正式。 He is taller than I (me).Who is there ? It is I.(me)2) 在动名词前，所属格比主格正式。 Do you mind my (me) smoking?3) 单数人称代词比复数正式。Everyone should do his (their) duty.Give me (us) a kiss, darling.Everyone thinks he knows (they know) the answer.4) 指作者本人用 `We‘ 比 `I‘ 正式。 As we (I) showed it is not an easy question.5) 泛指人时，`One‘ 比 `you‘ 正式。 One (You) never knows what may happen.6) 在复合句中，主句和从句中的主语出现名词和代词时，主句中用名词比用人称代词正式。 The plane took off as soon as it had refueled.(It took off as soon as the plane had refueled.)III. 指示代词1) 当`This‘ 和 `that‘都是后指时，‘that‘ 比 `this‘ 正式。 That (This) is what I thought.2) `that/those‘ 作为先行词比名词正式。 Those flowers are better than those which (the flowers) we planted last year.3. 主谓一致1) 单数比复数正式。 None /Neither of them has (have) arrived yet.2) 复数比单数正式。 If I were (was) you I would do that.Neither