《金融英语讲义4.docVIP

Unit 4 Commercial BankⅠ Commercial Banks in the USA In 1992, there were about 11 500 commercial banks in the United States. A commercial bank can be chartered either by the state (state-chartered banks) or by the federal government (national banks). Of the 11 500 banks, more than half were state-chartered. All national banks must be members of the Federal Reserve System and must be insured by the Bank Insurance Fund (BIF), which is administered by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. BIF was created early in 1989. State-chartered banks may elect to join the Federal Reserve System. Their deposits must be insured by BIF. In spite of the large number of banks that elect not to be members of the Federal Reserve System, banks that are members hold more than 70% of all deposits in the United States. Moreover, with the passage of the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980 (DIDMCA), the reserve requirements that apply to members of the Federal Reserve System apply also to state-chartered banks. 解释：Charter: to say officially that a town, organization, or university officially exists and has special rights：特许成立（城镇、组织、或大学）。授权。 be chartered by the state （state-chartered banks）由州授予执照叫做(州银行) be chartered by the federal government (national banks). 由联邦政府授予执照叫做(国家银行).翻译：到1992年为止，美国约有11 500家商业银行。商业银行既可由州也可由联邦政府授予执照， Of the 11 500 banks, more than half were state-chartered. 在所有11 500家银行中，有一半以上是州银行。 All national banks must be members of the Federal Reserve System and must be insured by the Bank Insurance Fund (BIF), which is administered by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.所有的国家银行都是联邦储备系统的成员并参加银行保险基金(BIF)的保险，which 引导定语从句修饰BIF, 表示该基金由联邦存款保险公司(FDIC)管理。BIF was created early in 1989.， BIF是1989年初成立的。 2．State-chartered banks may elect to join the Federal Reserve System. Their deposits must be insured by BIF. In spite of the large number of banks that elect not to be members of the Federal Reserve System, banks that are members