《定语、状语从句省略.docxVIP

定语从句省略关系词充当从句的宾语的时候，可以直接省略，而从句不发生任何形式的改变。This is the right book that you are looking for. = This is the right book you are looking for. 关系词充当从句的主语时，如果谓语结构为实词，将关系代词进行省略，而从句中的实词要发生形式的改变。如果原本从句是一个主动语态，可以将动词直接变成ing形式。如果原本谓语动词是一个被动语态，可以直接保留过去分词。如Fruit that contains VC can relieve a cold.=Fruit containing VC can relieve a cold.如果谓语结构为be+名词，这时，可以将be动词同时省略，将后面的名词和前面从句所修饰的名词构成同位语结构。如I know Lucy who is the leader of the team.= I know Lucy, the leader of the team. 3.先行词为the way, 后面的关系代词可以是that, in which或者是不加任何关系代词。如：I like the way you talk. 直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词which不能换成that，直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词whom不能换成who。但若介词用于句末，则用作宾语的which, whom也可换成that, who（1）which用于下列情况：( I )如果引导的是非限定性定语从句; （II）关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前; （III）先行词本身是that等。（2）that用于下列情况：( I ) 先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much等不定代词；（II）先行词被all, any, every, no, little, much, some等词修饰；（III）先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词；（IV）先行词被the only, the very(正是、恰是),the last修饰；（V）先行词中既有人也有物；（VI）在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句等。另外需要注意：先行词是the way，并在定语从句充当状语时，关系代词用that或省略，若用which,其前加介词in。疑问：This was the house in which they lived last year.是否存在这种方式并正确——This was the house that they lived in last year.7.当关系词在从句中充当主语时，可以省略，后面的动词发生形式变化——主动语态时，动词变成-ING形式被动语态时，动词保留过去分词形式I know the girl who comes from BJ.I often like reading short novels which were written by Hemingway.I often like reading short novels written by Hemingway.I raise a dog which is named KING.* I raise a dog named KING.I believe the candidate who made the speech in the assembly yesterday is sure to win the support.*I believe the candidate making the speech in the assembly yesterday is sure to win the support.I know the boy who was praised by the teacher.The book which is related to the development has been published recently.They lived in a house facing the south.= They lived in a house which faced the south.The workers working in the factory are well-paid.= The workers who work in the factory are well-paid.= The workers who are working in the factory are well-paid.The tie worn by our head