[非谓语动词.doc.deflate.docVIP

非谓语动词 非谓语动词，顾名思义，即不能做谓语的动词。英语中的非谓语动词有三种：不定式、V-ing, V-ed(过去分词)。非谓语动词在英语中用法很多，作用强大，十分重要，所以要下苦功夫掌握。 V-ing 一 V-ing的词性 V-ing 有名词词性 在句中，可做主语，宾语，表语。 V-ing 有形容词词性 在句中，可做定语，宾语补足语/主语补足语。 V-ing 有副词词性在句中，可做状语。 V-ing有动词词性v-ing本身有时态和语态的变化。 V-ing 的两个特点： 一是表示主动关系 二是表示V-ing的动作正在进行 二 V-ing在句子中的成分 1. V-ing做主语 V-ing做主语与动词不定式做主语没有太大的区别，往往可以通用 Somking can cause cancer.= To smoke can cause cancer. Finding a job is difficult now. = To find a job is difficult now. Walking is good exercise.= To walk is good exercise. 用形式主语it，把真正的主语ing形式移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。 It is useless trying to argue with Shylock． It’s worth making the effort. It is no good trying to explain? 在there be no结构中作主语, 这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do… ”。 There is no joking about such matter. 这种事开不得玩笑 There is no hiding of evil but not to do it. 若要人不知，除非己莫为。 归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有： It +be +a waste of time doing 做……是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use doing 做……是没益/用处的 It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做……不值得 It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做……是值得的 There is no doing 无法…… ， 不允许…… There is no sense in doing 做…没有道理 There is/was no use doing 干……无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比…..更糟的 There is/was no point doing 干……无意义 2. 表语 不定式和V-ing做表语一般来说没有多大区别，只是不定式做表语又是可以表示将来，而V-ing作表语不可以表示将来，表示一般的和抽象的情况 His job is raising pigs.= His job is to raise pigs. One of his duties is typing. = One of his duties is to type. Keeping the money you pick up is stealing. = To keep the money you pick up is to steal. 注意：只能说： Seeing is believing. = To see is to believe. 不能说： To see is believing. 也不能说： Seeing is to believe. V-ing做表语有“令人。。。，使人。。。”的意思 The news was surprising. The present situation is encouraging. The information sounded discouraging. He is a man of humor. We all think he is interesting. My son is always disappointing, for he never lives up to my hopes. The politician is good at lectures and he is very inspiring. 宾语 Ving可以用在某些动词和介词后做宾语 动词宾语：Ving和不定式都可以做动词的宾语，但，并不是所有的动词都可以用Ving或不定式作宾语 1）有些动词后只能用Ving作宾语 2）有些动词后只能用