[Catti英语三级语法点.docxVIP

Catti三级语法点一 虚拟语气：时间??从句谓语形式??主句谓语形式?将来动词过去式(be用were)should +?动词原形were to +?动词原形?would / should / might / could +?动词原形现在动词过去式(be?用?were)would / should / might / could +?动词原形过去had +动词过去分词would / should / might / could have +?动词过去分词倒装：当/Article/sub/Index.html虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有 were, should, had 时，if 可省略，而将 were, should, had等词置于句首。在倒装虚拟结构及 if I were you, as it were 中，只能用 were。如：Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话，我们会已经聘用他来这里工作了在whatever, whichever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, no matter wh-word 等引导的让步状语从句中，从句虚拟语气结构为：?may +动词原形(指现在或将来)。如：We will find him wherever / no matter where he may be. 无论他在哪里，我们都要找到他。1 suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order//decide/ sth that +（should）+do It is high（about） time+did sth For fear/in case/ lest + should do 以防。。（？）二非谓语动词 ① 前后主语一致 ②主动被动 doing/having doing（过去） done/having dong（过去）② 非谓语动词动作发生在谓语动词之前，用have done ③做宾语补语，注意主被动关系，被动有 done，eg：keep sb doing/done非谓语动词做状语 (☆有些过去分词或短语来源于系表结构，或某些动词后面加-ed转化来的形容词，作状语时不表被动而表主语的状态。常见的有lost(如例句6), seated, hidden, lost in, dressed in, faced with, absorbed in, surprised, disappointed, exhausted, frightened, satisfied(如例句7), tiredEg?6.?She?sat?by?the?window?alone,?lost?in?thought.??7.?Satisfied?with?what?he?did,?the?teacher?praised?him?in?class.?三反义疑问句1) 陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 arent I.Im as tall as your sister，arent I?3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。陈述句部分是否定结构，反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时，回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。Eg—His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？—Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 不，她参加了。/ 是的，她没参加。4) I thin/belive/suppose/cosider引导的，后面反问的是从句谓语，不是I四 定语从句1 限制性非限制性，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句 不可用that引导非限制性，关系代词只能用who,不能用that2 先行词后面的关系词 关系代词（在从句中做主谓宾） that （人,先行词被all, little, none, nothing, everything, every, the only,序数词和最高级修饰时）which （物） 【that which在不是括号中的情况时可以替换】who whom whose 关系副词 （在从句中做状语）why where when（=介词+which）时间的后置定语有时没有关系副词3关系词的省略只限于限制性定语从句中,当关系代