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Answers: Part I: 1. Civil War 2. Andrew Jackson 3. simplicity, utility 4. spiritual 5. Washington Irving 6. The Sketch Book 7. Noah Webster 8. James Fenimore Cooper 9. The Sketch Book 10. Washington Irving 11. The History of New York 12. The Sketch Book 13. New World, romantic 14. belletrist, pleasure, pleasure 15. the sea adventure tale, the frontier saga 16. The Pioneers 17. The Pilot 18. Natty Bumppo 19. the Spy 20. The Leatherstocking Tales 21. logical, systematized 22. free, psychic 23. The American Scholar 24. Ralph Waldo Emerson 25. Henry David Thoreau 26. Walden 27. Civil Disobedience 28. Bryant 29. Odyssey 30. mood, language, Shakespearean 31. Hawthorne 32. The Scarlet Letter 33. Moby Dick 34. Moby Dick 35. Longfellow 36. Voices of the Night 37. Divine Comedy 38. gentleness, sweetness, purity Part II F：3、6、7、11、12、14、15 The rest of the statements are true. Part III Summarize the major features of England Transcendentalism The Transcendentalists placed emphasis on spirit, or the Oversoul, as the most important thing in the universe. It is believed to be an all-pervading power for goodness, omnipresent and omnipotent from which all things come and of which all is a part. It exists in nature and man alike and constitutes the chief element of the universe. ② transcendentalists stressed the primacy of the individual. Emerson strongly believes in the divinity and infinity of man as an individual. Since man is divine, he can totally rely on himself. And self-reliance in turn leads to self-improvement, self-cultivation and self-perfection. Man is important to the whole society, whose regeneration relies on the regeneration of the individual. ③ the primacy of nature: transcendentalists offered a fresh perception of nature as symbolic of the spirit of God or the Spirit. Emerson’s nature is the garment of the over-soul, symbolic and moral-bound. Nature is not something purely of the matter, but alive with God’s overwhelming presence. Besides, it exercises