如何写英语议论文如何写英语议论文.docVIP

Argumentation What is argumentation? The purpose of argumentation is to convince.An argumentative essay tries to make the reader agree its point of view and support it, to persuade him to change his mind or behavior,and to approve a policy or a course of action that it proposes. The requirements of argumentation A debatable point A debatable point is something which can be viewed from more than one angle and is therefore open to dispute. Sufficient evidence Sufficient evidence includes common knowledge;specific examples;hard,not soft,evidence,or facts,not opinions,unlessthe opinions are expert and authoritative;statistics;and quotations from authorities.Valid evidence is that which is clearly and directly connected with the point to be proved. （3）Good logic All the facts and reasons that are given as evidence should be logically connected with the conclusion and with each other.Any fallacy in logic or wrong step in reasoning would leave the reader in doubt about the whole argument. There are generally two ways of reasoning: Inductive reasoning Start with facts and proceed from facts to a general conclusion.That is moving from specfic examples to a general statement. Deductive reasoning It moves from a general statement to a specific conclusion. （四）Clear logic A typical argumentative essay consists of three parts:an introduction which indenties the issue to be discussed and explains the importance of such a conclusion in which the proposition ,if it is stated at the beginning,is reaffirmed. (五)Good use of the other three types of writing description,narration, and especially the various methods of exposition. (六)An honest and friendly attitude A domineering or hostile tone could only raise doubts about good faith and impair the credibility of argument,whereas an honest and friendly attitude will help win the trust of the readers.Avoid overuse of such words and phrases as “perhaps”, “maybe”, “sometimes”, “most often”, “nearly always”, “I think”, or “in my o