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A GUIDE TO STANDARD REFERENCING PRACTICE FOR STUDENTS OF LANCASHIRE BUSINESS SCHOOL AND THE SCHOOL OF SPORT, TOURISM AND THE OUTDOORS 31 December 2007 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Lancashire Business School and the School of Sport, Tourism and the Outdoors acknowledge the contribution made by colleague Jeanne Hill, who has authored this Guide. Table of contents Overview and general guidelines 4 Part A – How to show references in the body of your work 1. How to present the authors’ ideas 6 2. How to treat one, two or more authors 6 3. How to treat several authors expressing the same idea 7 4. How to treat authors quoting other authors 7 5. More than one work by the same author in the same year 7 6. When no author is shown; when no date is shown 7 7. Direct quotation 8 8. Using footnotes 8 9. Referencing print-based sources 9 10. Referencing web pages 9 11. Referencing discussion groups, blogs etc. 9 12. Referencing telephone calls, letters, memos or e-mails 9 13. Referencing non-print miscellaneous sources 10 Part B - How to show references in the References section 1. Books 11 2. More than one work by the same author in the same year; more than one work by the same author in different years 11 3. Articles in journals 12 4. A chapter in a book edited by others 13 5. A conference paper 13 6. An academic dissertation 14 7. When no author is shown; when no date is shown 14 8. Web pages 14 9. Referencing other print-based sources 15 10. Referencing discussion groups, blogs etc. 15 11. Referencing telephone calls, letters, memos or e-mails 16 12. Referencing non-print miscellaneous sources 16 Summary of in-body and References sections treatments 18 Academic Referencing Standards for students of the Lancashire Business School and the School of Sport, Tourism and the Outdoors Lancashire Business School and the School of Sport, Tourism and the Outdoors will use one standard system for academic re