第3章_牛顿运动定律第三讲 验证牛顿运动定律 LI.pptVIP

高三物理高考复习 第三章　牛顿运动定律 第3讲　验证牛顿运动定律 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1．学会用控制变量法研究物理规律． 2．验证牛顿运动定律． 3．掌握利用图象处理数据的方法． Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 打点计时器、纸带，复写纸、小车、一端附有定滑轮的长木板、小盘、夹子、细绳、低压交流电源、导线、天平、刻度尺、砝码． Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 一、实验步骤 1．用天平测出小车和砝码的总质量M，小盘和砝码的总质量m，把测量结果记录下来． Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2．把一端附有滑轮的长木板放在实验桌上，并使滑轮伸出桌面，把打点计时器固定在长木板上远离滑轮的一端，连接好电路． 3．平衡摩擦力：小车的尾部挂上纸带，纸带穿过打点计时器的限位孔，将木板无滑轮的一端稍微垫高一些，使小车在不挂小盘和砝码的情况下，能沿木板做匀速直线运动． Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 这样小车所受重力沿木板的分力与小车所受摩擦力平衡．在保证小盘和砝码的质量远小于小车质量的条件下，可以近似认为小盘和砝码的总重力大小等于小车所受的合外力的大小． Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 4．把小车停在打点计时器处，挂上小盘和砝码，先接通电源，再让小车拖着纸带在木板上匀加速下滑，打出一条纸带．计算小盘和砝码的重力，即为小车所受的合外力，由纸带计算出小车的加速度． Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 5．改变小盘内砝码的个数，重复步骤4，并多做几次． 6．保持小盘内的砝码个数不变，在小车上放上砝码改变小车的质量，让小车在木板上滑动打出纸带．计算砝码和小车的总质量M，并由纸带计算出小车对应的加速度． 7．改变小车上砝码的个数，重复步骤6. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1．一定要做好平衡摩擦力的工作，也就是调出一个合适的斜面，使小车的重力沿着斜面方向的分力正好平衡小车受的摩擦阻力．在平衡摩擦力时，不要把悬挂小盘的细线系在小车上，即不要给小车加任何牵引力，并要让小车拖着打点