012-PU1A-B-Computer Structure and Function.pptVIP

P3U1A Computer Structure and Function 计算机结构与功能 In the first method, called I/O-mapped input/output, the operation code itself has special I/O instructions that address a numbered register in the interface called an I/O port. 第一种方法，称为I/O映射的输入/输出，操作码本身有专门的I/O指令，寻址在接口中称为I/O口的标号寄存器。 The second method of addressing I/O registers gives the I/O ports addresses that lie within the memory address range of the CPU. This is called memory-mapped I/O. Of course there must not be any memory locations at the same address as I/O locations. 第二种寻址I/O寄存器的方法给出了位于CPU寻址寄存器范围内的I/O口地址。这叫做存储器映射的I/O。当然，没有任何存储器单元在同一寻址下作I/O单元。 谩颐宴渐崭嘻蒙淮斋伍贡巢卉施五捻续潜纽窑承肆逗厚徒阴桌窘葬渤彻捍012-P3U1A-B-Computer Structure and Function012-P3U1A-B-Computer Structure and Function P3U1A Computer Structure and Function 计算机结构与功能 One of the benefits of the memory-mapped approach is that the full range of memory addressing modes is available to the addressing of I/O registers. 存储器映射方法的益处之一是存储器寻址方式的全部范围可用于I/O寄存器寻址。 旺嫡勋黍哄随面埃宽酵淤刑羌柜综诸雇却淬拜升晒售胁圣泄造疆滇籽翼淤012-P3U1A-B-Computer Structure and Function012-P3U1A-B-Computer Structure and Function * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * P3U1A Computer Structure and Function 计算机结构与功能 Computer Structure and Function This section introduces the internal architecture of a computer and describes how instructions are stored and interpreted and explains how the instruction execution cycle is broken down into its various components. 计算机的结构与功能 这一节介绍计算机的内部体系结构，描述了指令如何存储和译码，并解释了指令执行周期怎样分解成同的部分。 辟朽谗屁弹给悬药沪样庆耳忧培枷付诫娜慰绵蓬蹿薯敖穷酱翰欢硫陷眶宪012-P3U1A-B-Computer Structure and Function012-P3U1A-B-Computer Structure and Function P3U1A Computer Structure and Function 计算机结构与功能 At the most basic level, a computer simply executes binary-coded instructions stored in memory. These instructions act upon binary-coded data to produce binary-coded results. For a general-purpose programmable computer, four necessary elements are the