设计说明书学习笔记.docVIP

单工位数控缸体孔钻床设计 作 者 姓 名： 王海滨 指 导 教 师： 刘 平 学 院 名 称： 机械工程与自动化学院 专 业 名 称： 机械制造 东 北 大 学 2005年6月 Singel Work Spaces CNC Machine Design for Deep Hole Driller By WangHaibin Supervisor: Liu Ping Northeastern University June 2006 摘 要 在机械加工的生产活动中，我们常常会遇到长径比(L/D)大于10的深孔加工。深孔加工主要有以下几个特点: (1) 由于孔的深度与孔径比例较大，钻杆细长，刚性差。故在钻孔时容易偏斜，产生振动。导致孔的表面粗糙度和尺寸精度不易保证。 (2) 钻头的工作环境恶劣，热量不易排出，排屑困难使得刀具磨损加剧。 本设计就是针对这种特点而进行的，而且是基于组合机床的枪钻钻削系统，并设计了用PLC控制完成自动加工过程，所以大大的提高了加工效率以及加工精度。 由于该钻床的基础是组合机床，所以在应用上具有高的系列化、标准化和通用化水平，性能上应具有先进性，在结构上应具有足够的刚度和精度，另外还有使用方便、性能稳定、工作可靠、制造容易、维修简单和外形美观等优点。 本文介绍了组合机床通用部件的选取以及机床夹具部分的设计过程。为了更好的用PLC控制加工过程，本设计还对必要的部件加以改造，如动力滑台的进给运动改装成由步进电机驱动的。 本文对可编程控制器（PLC）应用于组合机床电气控制系统的设计思想作了介绍。对系统的硬件组成和软件设计作了较为详细的阐述。 关键词：组合机床，枪钻，PLC Abstract Mechanical processing in the production activities, we often encounter deep hole processing of which the length and diameter ratio (L/D) is greater than 10. The main features of deep hole processing is as following : (1) It is beacause of the larger aperture ratio, scientists long, bad nigidity that in drilling, it is easy to be skewed, resulting vibration. It leds to the number and size of the surface roughness is not easy to ensure accuracy. (2) The working environment scurviness of aiguille, not emit heat,bit exacerbated difficulties add the tool abrasion. This feature is targeted at the design of the machine tool is based on the combination of guns drilling drilling systems, and complete automated processing with PLC control, greatly enhanced processing efficiency. As the driller based combination machine tools, with applications in the mass production of high, and standardization of common standards of performance should be the advanced nature of the structure should have sufficient rigidity and precision, but also user-friendly, stable performance, reliable work, manufacture easy, and simple repairs such as shape aesthetic advantages. This article outlines the components of the overal