智能公交卡终端软硬件的设计与实现毕业设计.docVIP

智能公交卡终端软硬件的设计与实现 摘 要 公交卡信息管理是城市公交管理中的一部分，城市人口的增加，让人流量的的增加，为了减少堵车，保护环境，很多人选择成公交车出行，为了加快上车速度，减少站点停车时间，增加人们的出行效率，有了无人售票系统，并使用公交卡乘车。 在设计过程中主要是对使用的板子的一个剪切，用于删除不必要的外设，方便大批量的生产,首先要明白在整个设计当中都需要什么外设，要用的哪个单片机,那些外设必不可少。然后重新画底板电路图，实现PCB的原器件的封装图，下来就是对PCB图的设计和布置，合理的规划，在规划过程中用到的规则和经验的介绍。 最后就是软件设计部分，这里软件部分主要是实现了mifare卡片上读取到卡号然后显示到LCD上面。然后通过串口将卡号传送到计算机上。 关键字：PCB;LCD;MIFARE Design and implementation of smart card terminal software and hardware Abstract Bus card information management is a part of urban public transport management, the increase of urban population, make traffic increase, in order to reduce traffic jam, protect the environment, many people choose to travel bus, in order to speed up the car, reduce the site parking time, increase the efficiency of people travel, with automated collection system, and use the bus rides. In the design process is mainly on the use of the board of a shear, used to delete unnecessary peripherals, convenient in mass production, the first thing to understand what needs to be in the middle of the whole design peripherals, which want to use the single chip microcomputer, the peripheral is indispensable. And backplane circuit again, realization of PCB components encapsulation, down to the design of PCB diagram and layout, reasonable planning, in the process of planning the introduction of the rules of use and experience. The last is the software design part, software part mainly realizes the CARDS here read the card number and display on the LCD. Then through a serial port card number sent to the computer. KEY WORDS: PCB;MIFARE;LCD 目录 摘 要 i Abstract ii 1.绪论 1 1.1 研究背景 1 1.2 研究意义 1 2.硬件设计需求 2 2.1对智能公交卡的需求 2 2.2设计思想 2 2.3电路设计概念 3 3.具体模块设计 5 3.1 Atmege16-44模块 5 3.1.1 Atmega16-44简介 5 3.1.2 原理图和PCB实现过程 5 3.1.3 其他需求器件 8 3.2 电源模块 8 3.2.1 电源需求器件 8 3.2.2 六脚开关 10 3.2.3 其他小器件需求 11 3.3 串口模块 13 3.3.1 串口简介 13 3.3.2 串口原理图和PCB图 13 3.3.3 MAX232器件 14 3.4 RFID模块 16 3.4.1 RFID简介 16 3.4.2 LD1117器件 17 3.5 LCD模块 19 3.5.1 简介与实现 19 3.6 复位