高一英语初步掌握非谓语的基本结构及用法人教版知识精讲.docVIP

高一英语初步掌握非谓语的基本结构及用法人教版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 初步掌握非谓语的基本结构及用法 二. 教学重难点 掌握非谓语所能够充当的句子成分 （一）非谓语的分类以及各自在句子中所能充当的成分。 非谓语分为不定式，动名词，现在分词和过去分词。（动名词和现在分词形式相同） 以下表格表示的是它们各自所能充当的成分： 成分 类别 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 动名词 √ √ √ √ 现在分词 √ √ √ √ 过去分词 √ √ √ √ 现在分词：（doing，having done，being done，having been done） 1. 现在分词在句子中做表语。（即进行时态） 如： He is playing football on the playground. I was studying English from 1991 to 1999. 2. 现在分词在句子中做定语。 如： Do you know the man speaking to my teacher? I saw a sleeping cat when I entered the room. 3. 现在分词在句子中做状语。现在分词在句子中做状语表示在主句动作发生的同时，主语又发生的事情。 如： The boy sat there thinking about his plan. The man looked at his broken car, wondering how much it will cost to get it repaired. Having finished his breakfast, Tom went to school. Being highly praised, he thought of another great adventure. 注意：非谓语做状语的时候，其逻辑主语一定是主句的主语， 如： Having examined him, the doctor told him OK. Having been examined, he was told OK. 特例：不需与主句主语一致的现在分词状语有：judging from/by， generally speaking，considering，talking of，supposing，beginning等） 4. 在句子中做宾补。（以现在分词做宾补的动词主要有：mind，suggest， imagine，see， hear，feel，smell，taste，keep等） 如： Can you imagine him waiting here for another 2 hours? He suggested us going home and coming here tomorrow. She smelt something burning. She just kept her students cleaning the classroom every day. We were suggested going home. He was seen playing the violin wonderfully. 过去分词： 1. 过去分词在句子中做表语。（即被动语态） 如： His job has been finished. She is highly praised. 2. 过去分词在句子中做定语。 如： Do you know the difference between written and spoken English? The house with a broken window is his. The window broken by him is being repaired now. 3. 过去分词在句子中做宾补。（接过去分词做宾补的动词主要有：get，make，have， see，hear等） He has had/made/got his hair cut. She saw her husband killed in the war. His hair was made cut. She was heard awarded the Oscar award. 4. 过去分词做状语。 注意非谓语做状语的时候，主语与非谓语的一致问题。 Permitted, he would have succeeded in doing that. 讨论：此句为什么不用having been permitted? 本句的句意是“如果当时他被允许（做这件事）的话，他本