FridaKahlo-弗里达卡罗.docVIP

Frida Kahlo 弗里达·卡罗PROFESSOR: How?do?we?define?art??What?is?art??Everyone?has?adifferent?idea?of?what?art?is.?What?we?consider?to?beart?today?may?be?very?different?from?what?ourancestors?considered?to?be?art.?Take?for?examplethe?pottery?from?ancient?Greece. 我們怎麼定義藝術？?什麼是藝術？?每個人對藝術都有不同的見解。?我們今天認為是藝術的作品，也許和我們祖先的看法大相逕庭。?拿古時候的希臘陶器來舉例。 PROFESSOR: Today,?there?are?art?historians?who?are?experts?inGreek?pottery.?To?us,?this?pottery?is?ancient?art;?infact,?if?you?visit?the?Louvre?in?France,?the?mostfamous?art?museum?in?the?world,?you?can?view?anincredible?collection?of?ancient?Greek?pottery.?But?tothe?ancient?Greeks,?was?it?art??Well,?not?really.?Theyused?pottery?to?store?and?move?things,?and?to?mixliquids. 今天有藝術歷史學家，他們是希臘陶器的專家。?對我們來說，這件陶器是古代藝術；事實上如果你造訪世界上最著名的藝術博物館，巴黎羅浮宮，你能見到相當驚人的古代希臘陶器收藏。?但對古代希臘來說，這是他們的藝術嗎？?不盡然。?他們用陶器來裝或移動東西，也用來混和液體。 PROFESSOR: But?today,?these?utilitarian?pieces?are?kept?in?ourfinest?art?museums.?Is?it?art??Its?called?Fountain.?Itis?a?major?landmark?in?twentieth?century?art.?In1917,,?Marcel?Duchamp?purchased?this?urinal. 但現在，這些實用的器具被保存在我們最好的藝術博物館裡。?這是藝術嗎？?這叫做「噴泉」。?這是二十世紀時藝術的里程碑。?在1917年，馬賽爾杜象買了這個小便斗。 PROFESSOR: He?took?it?home,?turned?it?around?and?wrote?R.?Mutt1917?on?it.?He?called?it?the?Fountain.?Its?a?urinal.Duchamp?submitted?his?Fountain?to?an?exhibitionhosted?by?the?Society?of?Independent?Artists?in?NewYork?City. 他把它帶回家，將它轉過來寫了個R。?在上面寫上1917。?他將這稱之為「噴泉」。?這是個小便斗。?馬賽爾將他的「噴泉」交給由紐約市獨立藝術家協會所舉辦的展覽。 PROFESSOR: This?society?had?claimed?that?all?work?submittedwould?be?displayed?in?the?show.?But?when?they?sawthat?this?piece?was?a?urinal,?they?were?shocked.They?debated?for?hours?over?whether?or?not?it?wasart.?In?the?end,?the?Fountain?was?hidden?from?viewduring?the?show.?This?started?quite?a?controversy. 這所協會聲稱所有繳交來的作品都會在展覽中呈現。但當他們見到這只小便斗時，他們感到相當震驚。?他們為這個作品是不是藝術品辯論了好幾個小時。?最後，「噴泉」在展覽時被藏在看不到的地方。?這引起不小的爭議。