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一段“打马而过”的历史.doc
一段“打马而过”的历史 Directions:Read the following passage. The passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage. Domestic(驯养的)horses now pull ploughs,race in the Kentucky Derby,and carry police. But early horses weren’t tame(驯服的)enough to perform these kinds of tasks. Scientists think the first interactions humans had with horses were far different from those today. Thousands of years ago,people killed the wild horses that lived around them for food. Over time,people began to catch the animals and raise them. This was the first step in domestication. As people began to tame and ride horses,they chose to keep those animals that had more desirable characteristics. For example,people may have chosen to keep horses that had a gentle personality so they could be ridden more easily. People who used horses to pull heavy loads would have chosen to keep stronger animals. Characteristics like strength are partly controlled by the animals’genes. So as the domesticated horses reproduced, they passed the characteristics on to their young. Each new generation of houses would show more of these chosen characteristics. Modern day horse breeds come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. This variety didn’t exist in the horse population before domestication. The Shetland horse is one of the smallest breeds―typically reaching only one meter tall. With short, strong legs, the animals were bred to pull coal out of mine shafts(矿井)with low ceilings. Huge horses like the Clydesdale came on the scene around 1700. People bred these heavy,tall horses to pull large vehicles used for carrying heavy loads. The domestication of horses has had great effects on societies. For example,horse were important tools in the advancement of modern agriculture. Using them to pull ploughs and carry heavy loads allowed people to farm more
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