617名高职生应对方式调查.docVIP

617名高职生应对方式调查 吕薇 英玉生 滨州职业学院 山东 滨州 256624 【摘要】 目的 探讨高职生应对方式的特点。方法 以应对方式问卷617名。The Basic Features of Higher Vocational College Students’ Coping Strategies Lvwei Yingyusheng BinZhou vocational college BinZhou 256624 Shandong province. 【Abstract】Aim Investigate the basic features of Higher Vocational College students’ HVC students coping strategies. Methods 617 HVC students and 530 university students were evaluated with Coping Strategy Questionnaire. Results There is difference in the frequency of different coping strategies used by the HVC students. Their coping strategies for stress include problem solving, help seeking, retreat, fantasy, rationalization and self-blame, whose frequency is from high to low. Females use help seeking more often than males, and freshmen use problem solving more often than juniors, fitting in HVC Students use less self-blame and retreat than those who came from senior middle school. Moreover, there is significant interaction between gender and grade in self-blame, females of Grade Three use more often than females of Grade One. Compared with university ones, HVC students use self-blame and retreat more often. Conclusion The coping strategies used by the HVC students have their own features; in general they are more positive. 【Keywords】higher vocational college students; coping strategies; difference 近年来，随着社会发展节奏的加快，竞争的日益激烈，人们面临的压力日趋增加，特别是作为世纪之交新生事物的高职生更是如此。应对是个体在和环境持续互动中，当外在或内在的要求超出个人能力或个人资源所能负担时，个人持续的认知评估和行为努力的动态过程[1]。国内外相关研究都业已证明，应对是压力与适应的重要中介，对个体的身心健康有着重要意义。因而，了解高职生应对方式的基本特点，探明高职生常用的应对方式，对有的放矢地对高职生实施相关的教育与辅导，促进其身心健康发展、构建和谐社会意义重大。 1.对象与方法 1.1对象 采用分层整群抽样法，选取高职生617人 男生303人，女生314人；一年级201人，二年级207人，三年级209人；对口高职生313人，普通高职生304人）；普通大学生530人（男生264人，女生266人；一年级176人，二年级181人，三年级173人）为研究对象。高职生平均年龄为21.31岁，大学生平均年龄为21.56岁。 1.2方法 以肖计划等人编制的应对方式问卷为研究工具，该问卷由六个分量表构成，即：解决问题、自责、求助、幻想、退避、合理化，共计62个条目。对该量表的效度评估显示，构成各因子条目的因素负荷取值在0.35以上；信度评估采用重测信度，六个应对因子重测相关系数在0.62-0.72之间[2]。 采用EXCEL2000和SPSS 11.0进行数据的管理与统计分析。 2.结果 2.1高职生六种应对方式的使用情况 计算应对方式问卷各分量表的平均分，以此衡量高职生六种应