外质体在受损周围神经系统再生中的作用.docVIP

外质体在受损周围神经系统再生中的作用 周围神经损伤因为其糟糕的功能恢复在治疗方面仍然存在问题。损伤导致的神经缺损给轴突再生带来了的极大困扰。解决这些问题的方法包括自体神经移植（这是目前的黄金标准治疗）和人工导管，后者能够与雪旺细胞或干细胞结合，提供合适的神经元再生微环境。但是干细胞移植会产生恶性转化的额外风险以及制备困难和伦理问题，而使用自体神经移植和雪旺细胞需要牺牲正常神经。有一种新方法是利用外质体，即细胞外基质分泌物，可避免所有这些弊端的发生。来自瑞典于默奥大学的Paul J Kingham教授在发表于2015年5月第5期《中国神经再生研究（英文版）》杂志中总结了外质体当前的研究结果，以及它们如何能够用于改善周围神经损伤后的轴突再生。 Article: The role of exosomes in peripheral nerve regeneration by Rosanna C. Ching1, 2, Paul J. Kingham1 1 Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Ume? University, Ume?, SE-901 87, Sweden; 2 Department of Surgical Perioperative Sciences, Ume? University, Ume?, SE-901 87, Sweden Ching RC, Kingham PJ 2015 The role of exosomes in peripheral nerve regeneration. Neural Regen Res 10 5 :743-747. 欲获更多资讯： The role of exosomes in regenerating the injured peripheral nervous system Peripheral nerve injuries remain problematic to treat, with poor functional recovery commonly observed. Injuries resulting in a nerve gap provide specific difficulties for axonal regeneration. Approaches to address these difficulties include autologous nerve grafts which are currently the gold standard treatment and synthetic conduits, with the latter option being able to be impregnated with Schwann cells or stem cells which provide an appropriate micro-environment for neuronal regeneration to occur. Transplanting stem cells, however, infers additional risk of malignant transformation as well as manufacturing difficulties and ethical concerns, and the use of autologous nerve grafts and Schwann cells requires the sacrifice of a functioning nerve. A new approach utilising exosomes, secreted extracellular vesicles, could avoid all these complications. Paul J Kingham from Ume? University, Sweden published a review article in the Neural Regeneration Research Vol. 10, No. 5, 2015 , this review summarises the current findings on exosomes, and how they could be applied to improve axonal regeneration following peripheral nerve injury. Article: The role of exosomes in peripheral