根际氮氧互作对直播水稻根系特征和群体质量的影响.docVIP

根际氮氧互作对直播水稻根系特征和群体质量的影响 　　摘要：采用直播模式，对不同施氮量条件下的水稻（Oryza sativa L.）根际追施过氧化钙增氧，考察水稻根系特征及产量形成规律。结果表明，①随施氮量降低，增氧可提高水稻产量的增加幅度，理论产量分别提高3.1%、6.4%和9.8%；②水稻增氧后根表面积显著增加，其中LNA较LN增幅最大，达31.7%；③增氧后水稻根系伤流强度不同程度增加，其中灌浆期MNA较MN提高37.7%；④HNA较HN齐穗期LAI降低，而灌浆期、收获期增加，其余处理在不同生育时期增氧后的LAI均提高，尤其LN的提高幅度最大。可见，低氮水平下增氧可提高根系形态和根系活力，减缓LAI降低；随施氮量降低，增氧的增产效果提高。 　　关键词：直播稻（Oryza sativa L.）；氮氧互作；根际；群体质量 　　中图分类号：Q945.12；S511 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2015）14-3348-04 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.14.005 　　Effect of Nitrogen-oxygen Interaction Rhizosphere to Direct-sowing 　　Rice Root Traits and Population Quality 　　ZHAO Feng1，ZHANG Xiu-fu1，CHENG Jian-ping1，CHEN Shao-yu1，XU De-ze1，XU Shun-wen3，KE Qing-xia3 　　（1.Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement， Food Crops Institute，Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Wuhan 430064， China；2. China National Rice Research Institute/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology， Hangzhou 310006， China； 　　3.Agriculture Bureau of Yangxin， Huangshi 435200，Hubei，China） 　　Abstract： Increased oxygen with topdressing calcium peroxide to direct-sowing mode rice（Oryza sativa L.） rhizosphere under different amount of nitrogen application，and investigated rice root system characteristics and yield formation. The results showed that，① With N application was reduced，the increase of oxygen improved the increase of rice yield， the theoretical yield were increased by 3.1%，6.4% and 9.8%，respectively；② After increaseing oxygen， rice root surface area increased significantly， rice root surface area of LNA was increased by 31.7% than LN；③ Rice root bleeding intensity was increased at different degree after inceaseing oxygen，rice root bleeding intensity of MNA at the filling stage was increased by 37.7% than MN；④ Leaf area index（LAI） under HN was reduced because oxygen increase， but increased at the filling stage and harvest stage，the rest treatment，LAI of rice was improved because increasing oxygen in different growth period， especially the sharpest