参考资料--激光复合加工工艺研究.docVIP

激光复合加工工艺研究——新型水射流导引激光加工 07机械3班 痛快也愉快 摘要 随着精密加工和超精密加工技术的不断发展，激光与其他加工技术的复合 逐渐成为加工制造领域的主流技术。在激光复合加工技术中，激光与水射流复 合加工技术，即水导引激光加工技术是激光加工技术发展的一个新方向。与传 统激光加工技术相比较，水导引激光加工技术具有加工距离长、热影响区小、 无热熔渣和加工效率高等优势，己在微电子、航空制造、机械、医学等加工领 域中得到应用。 然而，现有的水导引激光加工技术采用传统聚焦透镜光学系统，不可避免 地存在精密调焦、离焦发散角对祸合条件的影响以及聚焦光学系统的像差等问 题。为了解决这些问题，基于轴棱锥镜产生的无衍射光束的中心光斑特性，本 文首次将无衍射光束引入到水导引激光加工体系中，设计出了具有同轴监测功 能的水射流导引激光加工系统的新方案。 深入研究了水射流导引激光加工系统的光学特性、水光纤的流体力学特性 及藕合系统的关键技术。利用水光纤波导导引无衍射光束，改变了激光束的能 量高斯分布状况，实现了激光的能量近似平顶均匀分布，有效地改善工件加工 质量，同时，利用本技术有效扩大了的加工范围，实现在二维平台对工件的三 维加工。此外，设计了藕合装置，有效解决了无衍射光束与水光纤波导的藕合 效率及传输损耗等关键技术问题。并提出一种新的无衍射光斑中心检测算法， 提高了系统的监测精度。 关键词:激光 复合加工 水射流 工艺研究 Abstract With the development of precision machining and ultra-precision machining technologies, laser-hybrid processing technologies have gradually become the mainstream of manufacturing field. In terms of laser-hybrid processing technology, the combined processing technology of laser and water jet, namely the water jet guided laser processing technology, is a new direction of laser processing. Compared to traditional laser processing method, water jet guided laser processing technology, with its advantages of long working distance, small heat-affect zone, non-hot slag and high work efficiency, has been used in microelectronics, aviation machinery, medicine area, etc. However, owing to the utilization of traditional lens focus optical system in the existing water jet guided laser technology, the work of precision focusing, and the aberration of focusing optical system are unavoidable. To overcome these problems, based on the spot center characteristics of the non-diffracting beam generated by axicon, non-diffracting beam is introduced into water jet guided laser processing system for the first time, and a novel design of water jet guided laser processing system with coaxial monitoring function is proposed in this dissertation. The optical properties, and hydrodynamics characteristics, as well as the key coupling technologie