雅砻江中下游生态环境脆弱性评价思考.docxVIP

PAGE \* MERGEFORMATII 雅砻江中下游地区生态环境脆弱性评价 摘要 雅砻江中下游流域途经甘孜藏族自治州、凉山彝族自治州和攀枝花市，该地区环境复杂，经济发展落后，环境问题严重，对该地区的环境进行分析并且制定对应的环境保护方案迫在眉睫。本文结合层次分析模型和GIS技术，对雅砻江中下游的生态脆弱性进行了系统的评价和分析，并且拟定了相应的对策。本文以高程、坡度、人口密度、国内生产总值、土地利用、土壤类型、植被指数和降水等为评价因子，利用层次分析模型和GIS技术确定每个因子的权重，通过计算得到雅砻江中下游流域生态环境的脆弱性指标。根据评价结果分析，将雅砻江中下游流域生态环境脆弱性分为五个级别，依次是微度脆弱、轻度脆弱、中度脆弱、重度脆弱和极度脆弱。通过分析雅砻江中下游流域1990年和2010年脆弱性评价结果，得到研究区的生态环境脆弱性整体上属中等偏上脆弱级别。在流域的不同地区，生态脆弱性有所不同，大致上，整个中游地区相对下游地区生态环境要好。2010年相对于1990年年，雅砻江中下游流域的生态环境总体有一定的下滑。由于政府政策的执行和当地人对于环境保护意识的提高，雅砻江中下游流域的环境得到了及时的整治。本文以图像和数据分析为基础，提出了怎样在保护当地环境的同时促进当地的发展建议。 关键词：生态环境脆弱性；雅砻江中下游流域；层次分析模型；RS与GIS技术 Research on vulnerability assessment of ecological environment in the lower reaches of the Yalong River Abstract Via the Yalong River Basin in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and Panzhihua City, the region environment is complex, backward economic development, environmental issues seriously, the environment of the region for analysis and make corresponding environmental protection scheme is imminent.?Combined with Analytic Hierarchy Process and GIS technology, on the middle and lower reaches of the Yalong River Ecological Vulnerability Evaluation and analysis of the system, and proposed the corresponding countermeasures.?The elevation, slope, population density, GDP, land use, soil type, vegetation index, precipitation and evaluation factors, determine the weight of each factor by using the AHP model and GIS technology, obtained by calculating the Yalong River basin ecological environment vulnerability indicators.?According to the result of analysis and evaluation, the Yalong River basin ecological environment is fragile is divided into five levels, respectively is micro vulnerability, slightly fragile, moderate vulnerability and severe fragile and extremely vulnerable.?Through the analysis of the middle and lower reaches of the Yalong River Basin in 1990 and 2010 vulnerability assessment results, the ecological environment of the study a